Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications
The biosynthesis of algal-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has shown several advantages over traditional physico-chemical methods, such as lower cost, less toxicity, and greater sustainability. In the current study, bioactive molecules present in <i>Spirogyra hyalina</i> extract were...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Micromachines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/928 |
| _version_ | 1797599074947432448 |
|---|---|
| author | Hajra Hameed Abdul Waheed Muhammad Shakeeb Sharif Muhammad Saleem Afshan Afreen Muhammad Tariq Asif Kamal Wedad A. Al-onazi Dunia A. Al Farraj Shabir Ahmad Rania M. Mahmoud |
| author_facet | Hajra Hameed Abdul Waheed Muhammad Shakeeb Sharif Muhammad Saleem Afshan Afreen Muhammad Tariq Asif Kamal Wedad A. Al-onazi Dunia A. Al Farraj Shabir Ahmad Rania M. Mahmoud |
| author_sort | Hajra Hameed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biosynthesis of algal-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has shown several advantages over traditional physico-chemical methods, such as lower cost, less toxicity, and greater sustainability. In the current study, bioactive molecules present in <i>Spirogyra hyalina</i> extract were exploited for the biofabrication and capping of ZnO NPs, using zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate as precursors. The newly biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized for structural and optical changes through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A color change in the reaction mixture from light yellow to white indicated the successful biofabrication of ZnO NPs. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum peaks at 358 nm (from zinc acetate) and 363 nm (from zinc nitrate) of ZnO NPs confirmed that optical changes were caused by a blue shift near the band edges. The extremely crystalline and hexagonal Wurtzite structure of ZnO NPs was confirmed by XRD. The involvement of bioactive metabolites from algae in the bioreduction and capping of NPs was demonstrated by FTIR investigation. The SEM results revealed spherical-shaped ZnO NPs. In addition to this, the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the ZnO NPs was investigated. ZnO NPs showed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The DPPH test revealed the strong antioxidant activity of ZnO NPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:29:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a75c8c49706c4f629df750197a5cf56a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:29:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a75c8c49706c4f629df750197a5cf56a2023-11-18T02:29:17ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-04-0114592810.3390/mi14050928Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological ApplicationsHajra Hameed0Abdul Waheed1Muhammad Shakeeb Sharif2Muhammad Saleem3Afshan Afreen4Muhammad Tariq5Asif Kamal6Wedad A. Al-onazi7Dunia A. Al Farraj8Shabir Ahmad9Rania M. Mahmoud10Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, New Mirpur City 10250, PakistanAgricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, ChinaDepartment of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, New Mirpur City 10250, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, New Mirpur City 10250, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, New Mirpur City 10250, PakistanDepartment of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, New Mirpur City 10250, PakistanDepartment of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Fayoum, Fayoum 63514, EgyptThe biosynthesis of algal-based zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has shown several advantages over traditional physico-chemical methods, such as lower cost, less toxicity, and greater sustainability. In the current study, bioactive molecules present in <i>Spirogyra hyalina</i> extract were exploited for the biofabrication and capping of ZnO NPs, using zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate as precursors. The newly biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized for structural and optical changes through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A color change in the reaction mixture from light yellow to white indicated the successful biofabrication of ZnO NPs. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum peaks at 358 nm (from zinc acetate) and 363 nm (from zinc nitrate) of ZnO NPs confirmed that optical changes were caused by a blue shift near the band edges. The extremely crystalline and hexagonal Wurtzite structure of ZnO NPs was confirmed by XRD. The involvement of bioactive metabolites from algae in the bioreduction and capping of NPs was demonstrated by FTIR investigation. The SEM results revealed spherical-shaped ZnO NPs. In addition to this, the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the ZnO NPs was investigated. ZnO NPs showed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The DPPH test revealed the strong antioxidant activity of ZnO NPs.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/928zinc oxidenanoparticles<i>Spirogyra hyalina</i>antibacterialantioxidant |
| spellingShingle | Hajra Hameed Abdul Waheed Muhammad Shakeeb Sharif Muhammad Saleem Afshan Afreen Muhammad Tariq Asif Kamal Wedad A. Al-onazi Dunia A. Al Farraj Shabir Ahmad Rania M. Mahmoud Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications Micromachines zinc oxide nanoparticles <i>Spirogyra hyalina</i> antibacterial antioxidant |
| title | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications |
| title_full | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications |
| title_short | Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Green Algae and Their Assessment in Various Biological Applications |
| title_sort | green synthesis of zinc oxide zno nanoparticles from green algae and their assessment in various biological applications |
| topic | zinc oxide nanoparticles <i>Spirogyra hyalina</i> antibacterial antioxidant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/928 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hajrahameed greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT abdulwaheed greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT muhammadshakeebsharif greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT muhammadsaleem greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT afshanafreen greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT muhammadtariq greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT asifkamal greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT wedadaalonazi greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT duniaaalfarraj greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT shabirahmad greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications AT raniammahmoud greensynthesisofzincoxideznonanoparticlesfromgreenalgaeandtheirassessmentinvariousbiologicalapplications |