Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics
The subtribe Ditaxinae in the plant family Euphorbiaceae is composed of five genera (<i>Argythamnia</i>, <i>Caperonia</i>, <i>Chiropetalum</i>, <i>Ditaxis</i> and <i>Philyra</i>) and approximately 120 species of perennial herbs (rarely annu...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/173 |
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| author | Josimar Külkamp Ricarda Riina Yocupitzia Ramírez-Amezcua João R. V. Iganci Inês Cordeiro Raquel González-Páramo Sabina Irene Lara-Cabrera José Fernando A. Baumgratz |
| author_facet | Josimar Külkamp Ricarda Riina Yocupitzia Ramírez-Amezcua João R. V. Iganci Inês Cordeiro Raquel González-Páramo Sabina Irene Lara-Cabrera José Fernando A. Baumgratz |
| author_sort | Josimar Külkamp |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The subtribe Ditaxinae in the plant family Euphorbiaceae is composed of five genera (<i>Argythamnia</i>, <i>Caperonia</i>, <i>Chiropetalum</i>, <i>Ditaxis</i> and <i>Philyra</i>) and approximately 120 species of perennial herbs (rarely annual) to treelets. The subtribe is distributed throughout the Americas, with the exception of <i>Caperonia</i>, which also occurs in tropical Africa and Madagascar. Under the current classification, Ditaxinae includes genera with a questionable morphology-based taxonomy, especially <i>Argythamnia</i>, <i>Chiropetalum</i> and <i>Ditaxis</i>. Moreover, phylogenetic relationships among genera are largely unexplored, with previous works sampling <10% of taxa, showing Ditaxinae as paraphyletic. In this study, we inferred the phylogenetic relationships within Ditaxinae and related taxa using a dataset of nuclear (ETS, ITS) and plastid (<i>pet</i>D, <i>trn</i>LF, <i>trn</i>TL) DNA sequences and a wide taxon sampling (60%). We confirmed the paraphyly of Ditaxinae and <i>Ditaxis</i>, both with high support. Following our phylogenetic results, we combined <i>Ditaxis</i> in <i>Argythamnia</i> and upgraded Ditaxinae to the tribe level (Ditaxeae). We also established and described the tribe Caperonieae based on <i>Caperonia</i>, and transferred <i>Philyra</i> to the tribe Adelieae, along with <i>Adelia</i>, <i>Garciadelia</i>, <i>Lasiocroton</i> and <i>Leucocroton</i>. Finally, we discuss the main morphological synapomorphies for the genera and tribes and provide a taxonomic treatment, including all species recognized under each genus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:08:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a75ca06661374c55a68c642d0de38374 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:08:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a75ca06661374c55a68c642d0de383742023-11-16T19:12:37ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-01-0112217310.3390/biology12020173Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular PhylogeneticsJosimar Külkamp0Ricarda Riina1Yocupitzia Ramírez-Amezcua2João R. V. Iganci3Inês Cordeiro4Raquel González-Páramo5Sabina Irene Lara-Cabrera6José Fernando A. Baumgratz7Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pacheco Leão 2040, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, BrazilReal Jardín Botánico (RJB), CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, SpainLaboratorio de Sistemática Molecular, Administración Santa María, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia Michoacán 58091, MexicoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, BrazilNúcleo de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Av. Miguel Stefano 3687, São Paulo 04301-012, SP, BrazilReal Jardín Botánico (RJB), CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, SpainLaboratorio de Sistemática Molecular, Administración Santa María, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia Michoacán 58091, MexicoPrograma de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pacheco Leão 2040, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, BrazilThe subtribe Ditaxinae in the plant family Euphorbiaceae is composed of five genera (<i>Argythamnia</i>, <i>Caperonia</i>, <i>Chiropetalum</i>, <i>Ditaxis</i> and <i>Philyra</i>) and approximately 120 species of perennial herbs (rarely annual) to treelets. The subtribe is distributed throughout the Americas, with the exception of <i>Caperonia</i>, which also occurs in tropical Africa and Madagascar. Under the current classification, Ditaxinae includes genera with a questionable morphology-based taxonomy, especially <i>Argythamnia</i>, <i>Chiropetalum</i> and <i>Ditaxis</i>. Moreover, phylogenetic relationships among genera are largely unexplored, with previous works sampling <10% of taxa, showing Ditaxinae as paraphyletic. In this study, we inferred the phylogenetic relationships within Ditaxinae and related taxa using a dataset of nuclear (ETS, ITS) and plastid (<i>pet</i>D, <i>trn</i>LF, <i>trn</i>TL) DNA sequences and a wide taxon sampling (60%). We confirmed the paraphyly of Ditaxinae and <i>Ditaxis</i>, both with high support. Following our phylogenetic results, we combined <i>Ditaxis</i> in <i>Argythamnia</i> and upgraded Ditaxinae to the tribe level (Ditaxeae). We also established and described the tribe Caperonieae based on <i>Caperonia</i>, and transferred <i>Philyra</i> to the tribe Adelieae, along with <i>Adelia</i>, <i>Garciadelia</i>, <i>Lasiocroton</i> and <i>Leucocroton</i>. Finally, we discuss the main morphological synapomorphies for the genera and tribes and provide a taxonomic treatment, including all species recognized under each genus.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/173Adelieae<i>Argythamnia</i><i>Caperonia</i>Caperonieae<i>Chiropetalum</i>Ditaxeae |
| spellingShingle | Josimar Külkamp Ricarda Riina Yocupitzia Ramírez-Amezcua João R. V. Iganci Inês Cordeiro Raquel González-Páramo Sabina Irene Lara-Cabrera José Fernando A. Baumgratz Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics Biology Adelieae <i>Argythamnia</i> <i>Caperonia</i> Caperonieae <i>Chiropetalum</i> Ditaxeae |
| title | Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics |
| title_full | Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics |
| title_fullStr | Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics |
| title_short | Systematics of Ditaxinae and Related Lineages within the Subfamily Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) Based on Molecular Phylogenetics |
| title_sort | systematics of ditaxinae and related lineages within the subfamily acalyphoideae euphorbiaceae based on molecular phylogenetics |
| topic | Adelieae <i>Argythamnia</i> <i>Caperonia</i> Caperonieae <i>Chiropetalum</i> Ditaxeae |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/2/173 |
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