Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development
Abstract In the mammalian cerebral cortex neurons are arranged in specific layers and form connections both within the cortex and with other brain regions, thus forming a complex mesh of specialized synaptic connections comprising distinct circuits. The correct establishment of these connections dur...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Neural Development |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13064-018-0104-y |
| _version_ | 1818538071451238400 |
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| author | Isabella Farhy-Tselnicker Nicola J. Allen |
| author_facet | Isabella Farhy-Tselnicker Nicola J. Allen |
| author_sort | Isabella Farhy-Tselnicker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In the mammalian cerebral cortex neurons are arranged in specific layers and form connections both within the cortex and with other brain regions, thus forming a complex mesh of specialized synaptic connections comprising distinct circuits. The correct establishment of these connections during development is crucial for the proper function of the brain. Astrocytes, a major type of glial cell, are important regulators of synapse formation and function during development. While neurogenesis precedes astrogenesis in the cortex, neuronal synapses only begin to form after astrocytes have been generated, concurrent with neuronal branching and process elaboration. Here we provide a combined overview of the developmental processes of synapse and circuit formation in the rodent cortex, emphasizing the timeline of both neuronal and astrocytic development and maturation. We further discuss the role of astrocytes at the synapse, focusing on astrocyte-synapse contact and the role of synapse-related proteins in promoting formation of distinct cortical circuits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:58:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a75d6554c2a24d4a97c3cecfe448f9a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-8104 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T18:58:52Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-a75d6554c2a24d4a97c3cecfe448f9a32022-12-22T00:54:03ZengBMCNeural Development1749-81042018-05-0113111210.1186/s13064-018-0104-yAstrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit developmentIsabella Farhy-Tselnicker0Nicola J. Allen1Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological StudiesMolecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological StudiesAbstract In the mammalian cerebral cortex neurons are arranged in specific layers and form connections both within the cortex and with other brain regions, thus forming a complex mesh of specialized synaptic connections comprising distinct circuits. The correct establishment of these connections during development is crucial for the proper function of the brain. Astrocytes, a major type of glial cell, are important regulators of synapse formation and function during development. While neurogenesis precedes astrogenesis in the cortex, neuronal synapses only begin to form after astrocytes have been generated, concurrent with neuronal branching and process elaboration. Here we provide a combined overview of the developmental processes of synapse and circuit formation in the rodent cortex, emphasizing the timeline of both neuronal and astrocytic development and maturation. We further discuss the role of astrocytes at the synapse, focusing on astrocyte-synapse contact and the role of synapse-related proteins in promoting formation of distinct cortical circuits.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13064-018-0104-yAstrocyteNeuronSynapseDevelopmentCortex |
| spellingShingle | Isabella Farhy-Tselnicker Nicola J. Allen Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development Neural Development Astrocyte Neuron Synapse Development Cortex |
| title | Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| title_full | Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| title_fullStr | Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| title_short | Astrocytes, neurons, synapses: a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| title_sort | astrocytes neurons synapses a tripartite view on cortical circuit development |
| topic | Astrocyte Neuron Synapse Development Cortex |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13064-018-0104-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT isabellafarhytselnicker astrocytesneuronssynapsesatripartiteviewoncorticalcircuitdevelopment AT nicolajallen astrocytesneuronssynapsesatripartiteviewoncorticalcircuitdevelopment |