Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models
Arabian Sea upwelling in the past has been generally studied based on the sediment records. We apply two earth system models and analyze the simulated water vertical velocity to investigate coastal upwelling in the western Arabian Sea over the last millennium. In addition, two models with slightly d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Climate |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/9/5/72 |
| _version_ | 1797535796677312512 |
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| author | Xing Yi Birgit Hünicke Eduardo Zorita |
| author_facet | Xing Yi Birgit Hünicke Eduardo Zorita |
| author_sort | Xing Yi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arabian Sea upwelling in the past has been generally studied based on the sediment records. We apply two earth system models and analyze the simulated water vertical velocity to investigate coastal upwelling in the western Arabian Sea over the last millennium. In addition, two models with slightly different configurations are also employed to study the upwelling in the 21st century under the strongest and the weakest greenhouse gas emission scenarios. With a negative long-term trend caused by the orbital forcing of the models, the upwelling over the last millennium is found to be closely correlated with the sea surface temperature, the Indian summer Monsoon and the sediment records. The future upwelling under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario reveals a negative trend, in contrast with the positive trend displayed by the upwelling favorable along-shore winds. Therefore, it is likely that other factors, like water stratification in the upper ocean layers caused by the stronger surface warming, overrides the effect from the upwelling favorable wind. No significant trend is found for the upwelling under the RCP2.6 scenario, which is likely due to a compensation between the opposing effects of the increase in upwelling favorable winds and the water stratification. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a75fd45533e248f5b90a744f1a1db6e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2225-1154 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Climate |
| spelling | doaj.art-a75fd45533e248f5b90a744f1a1db6e62023-11-21T17:45:05ZengMDPI AGClimate2225-11542021-04-01957210.3390/cli9050072Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System ModelsXing Yi0Birgit Hünicke1Eduardo Zorita2Institute of Coastal Systems Analysis and Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str.1, 21502 Geesthacht, GermanyInstitute of Coastal Systems Analysis and Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str.1, 21502 Geesthacht, GermanyInstitute of Coastal Systems Analysis and Modeling, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str.1, 21502 Geesthacht, GermanyArabian Sea upwelling in the past has been generally studied based on the sediment records. We apply two earth system models and analyze the simulated water vertical velocity to investigate coastal upwelling in the western Arabian Sea over the last millennium. In addition, two models with slightly different configurations are also employed to study the upwelling in the 21st century under the strongest and the weakest greenhouse gas emission scenarios. With a negative long-term trend caused by the orbital forcing of the models, the upwelling over the last millennium is found to be closely correlated with the sea surface temperature, the Indian summer Monsoon and the sediment records. The future upwelling under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario reveals a negative trend, in contrast with the positive trend displayed by the upwelling favorable along-shore winds. Therefore, it is likely that other factors, like water stratification in the upper ocean layers caused by the stronger surface warming, overrides the effect from the upwelling favorable wind. No significant trend is found for the upwelling under the RCP2.6 scenario, which is likely due to a compensation between the opposing effects of the increase in upwelling favorable winds and the water stratification.https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/9/5/72Arabian Sea upwellingearth system modelslast millennium |
| spellingShingle | Xing Yi Birgit Hünicke Eduardo Zorita Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models Climate Arabian Sea upwelling earth system models last millennium |
| title | Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models |
| title_full | Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models |
| title_short | Evolution of the Arabian Sea Upwelling from the Last Millennium to the Future as Simulated by Earth System Models |
| title_sort | evolution of the arabian sea upwelling from the last millennium to the future as simulated by earth system models |
| topic | Arabian Sea upwelling earth system models last millennium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/9/5/72 |
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