Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is one of the most common hereditary haemoglobinopathies globally. Patients with SCD are at a high risk of pulmonary complications. However, there have been very few studies in literature regarding the spectrum of pulmonary involvement and its association...
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18221/63434_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(JY_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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| author | Megha Yadav Anjali Bharani Dharmanshu Chaube Preeti Malpani |
| author_facet | Megha Yadav Anjali Bharani Dharmanshu Chaube Preeti Malpani |
| author_sort | Megha Yadav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is one of the most
common hereditary haemoglobinopathies globally. Patients with
SCD are at a high risk of pulmonary complications. However,
there have been very few studies in literature regarding the
spectrum of pulmonary involvement and its association with
clinicotherapeutic parameters in Indian patients.
Aim: To study the incidence of acute and chronic pulmonary
complications in children with SCD and to estimate the association
of various risk factors with pulmonary complications.
Materials and Methods: The present observational crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of
Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College
(tertiary care hospital) and Maharaja Yeshwantrao (MY) Hospital,
Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, from June 2021 to July 2022.
A total of 100 patients with SCD below the age of 18 years
attending sickle-thalassaemia Outpatient Department (OPD)
and Inpatient Department (IPD) with pulmonary symptoms
admitted were enrolled in the study. Clinical history, physical
examination and laboratory findings were noted as per the
preconstructed proforma. Data were statistically analysed with
unpaired t-test and Pearson’s Chi- square test.
Results: A total of 100 patients with SCD were enrolled and
the mean age of the study subjects was 9.27±3.39 years.
Nearly equal distribution of males (n=52) and females (n=48)
were seen with male to female ratio of 1:1.08. Incidence of
complications was seen very high in homozygous sickle
disease (63%) followed by only 40% in Haemoglobin S (HbS)
beta thalassaemia. Most common complication noted in our
patients was Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS) (57.7%), followed
pneumonia (20%), sympneumonic effusion (15.6%) while only
6.7% had pulmonary hypertension. A statistically significant
association (p-value<0.05) was found between compliance to
Hydroxyurea therapy and frequency of Vaso-occlusive Crisis
(VOC) episodes with pulmonary complications status.
Conclusion: In the present study, most frequent acute
pulmonary complication noted was ACS followed by pneumonia
and sympneumonic effusion. Frequency of VOCs episodes
was significantly associated with increased risk of developing
pulmonary complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:24:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a7658bcec160490cbcc1295e4cb88bff |
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| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:24:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
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| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a7658bcec160490cbcc1295e4cb88bff2023-08-05T10:23:35ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2023-07-01177333610.7860/JCDR/2023/63434.18221Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional StudyMegha Yadav0Anjali Bharani1Dharmanshu Chaube2Preeti Malpani3Junior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is one of the most common hereditary haemoglobinopathies globally. Patients with SCD are at a high risk of pulmonary complications. However, there have been very few studies in literature regarding the spectrum of pulmonary involvement and its association with clinicotherapeutic parameters in Indian patients. Aim: To study the incidence of acute and chronic pulmonary complications in children with SCD and to estimate the association of various risk factors with pulmonary complications. Materials and Methods: The present observational crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College (tertiary care hospital) and Maharaja Yeshwantrao (MY) Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, from June 2021 to July 2022. A total of 100 patients with SCD below the age of 18 years attending sickle-thalassaemia Outpatient Department (OPD) and Inpatient Department (IPD) with pulmonary symptoms admitted were enrolled in the study. Clinical history, physical examination and laboratory findings were noted as per the preconstructed proforma. Data were statistically analysed with unpaired t-test and Pearson’s Chi- square test. Results: A total of 100 patients with SCD were enrolled and the mean age of the study subjects was 9.27±3.39 years. Nearly equal distribution of males (n=52) and females (n=48) were seen with male to female ratio of 1:1.08. Incidence of complications was seen very high in homozygous sickle disease (63%) followed by only 40% in Haemoglobin S (HbS) beta thalassaemia. Most common complication noted in our patients was Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS) (57.7%), followed pneumonia (20%), sympneumonic effusion (15.6%) while only 6.7% had pulmonary hypertension. A statistically significant association (p-value<0.05) was found between compliance to Hydroxyurea therapy and frequency of Vaso-occlusive Crisis (VOC) episodes with pulmonary complications status. Conclusion: In the present study, most frequent acute pulmonary complication noted was ACS followed by pneumonia and sympneumonic effusion. Frequency of VOCs episodes was significantly associated with increased risk of developing pulmonary complications.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18221/63434_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(JY_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdfacute chest syndromehaemoglobinopathypneumoniaanaemia |
| spellingShingle | Megha Yadav Anjali Bharani Dharmanshu Chaube Preeti Malpani Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research acute chest syndrome haemoglobinopathy pneumonia anaemia |
| title | Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Clinical Correlates of Acute and Chronic Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease from Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | clinical correlates of acute and chronic pulmonary complications in children with sickle cell disease from madhya pradesh india a cross sectional study |
| topic | acute chest syndrome haemoglobinopathy pneumonia anaemia |
| url | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18221/63434_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(JY_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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