Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football
Professional football players, coaches, and researchers have discussed additional substitutions in football to reduce player load for a while. However, the effects of additional substitutions on the game have not yet been investigated in detail. The aim of this paper is to determine whether an addit...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7676 |
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| author | Johannes Meyer Stefanie Klatt |
| author_facet | Johannes Meyer Stefanie Klatt |
| author_sort | Johannes Meyer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Professional football players, coaches, and researchers have discussed additional substitutions in football to reduce player load for a while. However, the effects of additional substitutions on the game have not yet been investigated in detail. The aim of this paper is to determine whether an additional substitution in (1) extra time and (2) regular time would be beneficial and would lead to (a) greater tactical influence of coaches on the match, (b) load reduction during one match, and (c) load reduction during one season. The methodological approach adopted includes two studies, both of which involve data analysis of substitution times (Study 1: <i>n</i> = 3060; Study 2: <i>n</i> = 1153) as well as a survey of football coaches (Study 1: <i>n</i> = 37; Study 2: <i>n</i> = 25). For assessing the effect of an additional substitution in regular time and in extra time, the substitutions made in the Bundesliga, U19-Bundesliga West, DFB-Cup, and 2018 World Cup were evaluated. The findings of this research clearly indicate the potential of an additional substitution by enabling almost 50% of additional load reduction in regular time and 27% in extra time. However, in practice, the findings showed the limits of an additional substitution in extra time on long-term load reduction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:01:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a769af96eb0d40d38fa540160bc93f19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:01:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a769af96eb0d40d38fa540160bc93f192023-11-22T06:45:14ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-08-011116767610.3390/app11167676Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite FootballJohannes Meyer0Stefanie Klatt1Institute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, GermanyInstitute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, GermanyProfessional football players, coaches, and researchers have discussed additional substitutions in football to reduce player load for a while. However, the effects of additional substitutions on the game have not yet been investigated in detail. The aim of this paper is to determine whether an additional substitution in (1) extra time and (2) regular time would be beneficial and would lead to (a) greater tactical influence of coaches on the match, (b) load reduction during one match, and (c) load reduction during one season. The methodological approach adopted includes two studies, both of which involve data analysis of substitution times (Study 1: <i>n</i> = 3060; Study 2: <i>n</i> = 1153) as well as a survey of football coaches (Study 1: <i>n</i> = 37; Study 2: <i>n</i> = 25). For assessing the effect of an additional substitution in regular time and in extra time, the substitutions made in the Bundesliga, U19-Bundesliga West, DFB-Cup, and 2018 World Cup were evaluated. The findings of this research clearly indicate the potential of an additional substitution by enabling almost 50% of additional load reduction in regular time and 27% in extra time. However, in practice, the findings showed the limits of an additional substitution in extra time on long-term load reduction.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7676football rule changeplayer stress managementcoaches surveyelite level socceryouth player developmentextra change |
| spellingShingle | Johannes Meyer Stefanie Klatt Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football Applied Sciences football rule change player stress management coaches survey elite level soccer youth player development extra change |
| title | Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football |
| title_full | Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football |
| title_fullStr | Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football |
| title_short | Impact of One Additional Substitution on Player Load and Coaching Tactics in Elite Football |
| title_sort | impact of one additional substitution on player load and coaching tactics in elite football |
| topic | football rule change player stress management coaches survey elite level soccer youth player development extra change |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7676 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johannesmeyer impactofoneadditionalsubstitutiononplayerloadandcoachingtacticsinelitefootball AT stefanieklatt impactofoneadditionalsubstitutiononplayerloadandcoachingtacticsinelitefootball |