Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure
Alcohol consumption is linked to urinary sodium excretion and both of these traits are linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The interplay between alcohol consumption and sodium on hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is not well-described. Here, we used genetically...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1296 |
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| author | Xiyun Jiang Mila D. Anasanti Fotios Drenos Alexandra I. Blakemore Raha Pazoki |
| author_facet | Xiyun Jiang Mila D. Anasanti Fotios Drenos Alexandra I. Blakemore Raha Pazoki |
| author_sort | Xiyun Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alcohol consumption is linked to urinary sodium excretion and both of these traits are linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The interplay between alcohol consumption and sodium on hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is not well-described. Here, we used genetically predicted alcohol consumption and explored the relationships between alcohol consumption, urinary sodium, hypertension, and CVDs. Methods: We performed a comparative analysis among 295,189 participants from the prospective cohort of the UK Biobank (baseline data collected between 2006 and 2010). We created a genetic risk score (GRS) using 105 published genetic variants in Europeans that were associated with alcohol consumption. We explored the relationships between GRS, alcohol consumption, urinary sodium, blood pressure traits, and incident CVD. We used linear and logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards (PH) models and Mendelian randomization in our analysis. Results: The median follow-up time for composite CVD and stroke were 6.1 years and 7.1 years respectively. Our analyses showed that high alcohol consumption is linked to low urinary sodium excretion. Our results showed that high alcohol GRS was associated with high blood pressure and higher risk of stroke and supported an interaction effect between alcohol GRS and urinary sodium on stage 2 hypertension (P<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.03) and CVD (P<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.03), i.e., in the presence of high urinary sodium excretion, the effect of alcohol GRS on blood pressure may be enhanced. Conclusions: Our results show that urinary sodium excretion may offset the risk posed by genetic risk of alcohol consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:18:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a787173c88f44cba913f9def70ee01f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:18:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-a787173c88f44cba913f9def70ee01f72023-12-01T22:12:39ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322022-07-01107129610.3390/healthcare10071296Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood PressureXiyun Jiang0Mila D. Anasanti1Fotios Drenos2Alexandra I. Blakemore3Raha Pazoki4Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UKFaculty of Information Technology, Nusa Mandiri University, Jakarta 10450, IndonesiaDivision of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UKDivision of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UKDivision of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UKAlcohol consumption is linked to urinary sodium excretion and both of these traits are linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The interplay between alcohol consumption and sodium on hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is not well-described. Here, we used genetically predicted alcohol consumption and explored the relationships between alcohol consumption, urinary sodium, hypertension, and CVDs. Methods: We performed a comparative analysis among 295,189 participants from the prospective cohort of the UK Biobank (baseline data collected between 2006 and 2010). We created a genetic risk score (GRS) using 105 published genetic variants in Europeans that were associated with alcohol consumption. We explored the relationships between GRS, alcohol consumption, urinary sodium, blood pressure traits, and incident CVD. We used linear and logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards (PH) models and Mendelian randomization in our analysis. Results: The median follow-up time for composite CVD and stroke were 6.1 years and 7.1 years respectively. Our analyses showed that high alcohol consumption is linked to low urinary sodium excretion. Our results showed that high alcohol GRS was associated with high blood pressure and higher risk of stroke and supported an interaction effect between alcohol GRS and urinary sodium on stage 2 hypertension (P<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.03) and CVD (P<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.03), i.e., in the presence of high urinary sodium excretion, the effect of alcohol GRS on blood pressure may be enhanced. Conclusions: Our results show that urinary sodium excretion may offset the risk posed by genetic risk of alcohol consumption.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1296genetics of alcoholurinary sodiumcardiovascular traits |
| spellingShingle | Xiyun Jiang Mila D. Anasanti Fotios Drenos Alexandra I. Blakemore Raha Pazoki Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure Healthcare genetics of alcohol urinary sodium cardiovascular traits |
| title | Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure |
| title_full | Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure |
| title_fullStr | Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure |
| title_short | Urinary Sodium Excretion Enhances the Effect of Alcohol on Blood Pressure |
| title_sort | urinary sodium excretion enhances the effect of alcohol on blood pressure |
| topic | genetics of alcohol urinary sodium cardiovascular traits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1296 |
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