Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces
Although cities globally are increasingly mobilizing re-naturing projects to address diverse urban socio-environmental and health challenges, there is mounting evidence that these interventions may also be linked to the phenomenon known as green gentrification. However, to date the empirical evidenc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research Letters |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9325 |
| _version_ | 1827869792807157760 |
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| author | Margarita Triguero-Mas Isabelle Anguelovski James J T Connolly Nick Martin Austin Matheney Helen V S Cole Carmen Pérez-Del-Pulgar Melissa García-Lamarca Galia Shokry Lucía Argüelles David Conesa Elsa Gallez Blanca Sarzo Miguel Angel Beltrán Jesúa López Máñez Joaquín Martínez-Minaya Emilia Oscilowicz Mariana C Arcaya Francesc Baró |
| author_facet | Margarita Triguero-Mas Isabelle Anguelovski James J T Connolly Nick Martin Austin Matheney Helen V S Cole Carmen Pérez-Del-Pulgar Melissa García-Lamarca Galia Shokry Lucía Argüelles David Conesa Elsa Gallez Blanca Sarzo Miguel Angel Beltrán Jesúa López Máñez Joaquín Martínez-Minaya Emilia Oscilowicz Mariana C Arcaya Francesc Baró |
| author_sort | Margarita Triguero-Mas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although cities globally are increasingly mobilizing re-naturing projects to address diverse urban socio-environmental and health challenges, there is mounting evidence that these interventions may also be linked to the phenomenon known as green gentrification. However, to date the empirical evidence on the relationship between greenspaces and gentrification regarding associations with different greenspace types remains scarce. This study focused on 28 mid-sized cities in North America and Western Europe. We assessed improved access to different types of greenspace (i.e. total area of parks, gardens, nature preserves, recreational areas or greenways [i] added before the 2000s or [ii] added before the 2010s) and gentrification processes (including [i] gentrification for the 2000s; [ii] gentrification for the 2010s; [iii] gentrification throughout the decades of the 2000s and 2010s) in each small geographical unit of each city. To estimate the associations, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical spatial model for each city and gentrification time period (i.e. a maximum of three models per city). More than half of our models showed that parks—together with other factors such as proximity to the city center—are positively associated with gentrification processes, particularly in the US context, except in historically Black disinvested postindustrial cities with lots of vacant land. We also find than in half of our models newly designated nature preserves are negatively associated with gentrification processes, particularly when considering gentrification throughout the 2000s and the 2010s and in the US. Meanwhile, for new gardens, recreational spaces and greenways, our research shows mixed results (some positive, some negative and some no effect associations). Considering the environmental and health benefits of urban re-naturing projects, cities should keep investing in improving park access while simultaneously implementing anti-displacement and inclusive green policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:49:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a78aaabce04443499b72b97f5e5a30b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1748-9326 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:49:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-a78aaabce04443499b72b97f5e5a30b92023-08-09T15:16:52ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Letters1748-93262022-01-01171010403510.1088/1748-9326/ac9325Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspacesMargarita Triguero-Mas0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-2693Isabelle Anguelovski1James J T Connolly2Nick Martin3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9023-9696Austin Matheney4Helen V S Cole5Carmen Pérez-Del-Pulgar6Melissa García-Lamarca7Galia Shokry8Lucía Argüelles9David Conesa10Elsa Gallez11Blanca Sarzo12Miguel Angel Beltrán13Jesúa López Máñez14Joaquín Martínez-Minaya15Emilia Oscilowicz16Mariana C Arcaya17Francesc Baró18https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0145-6320Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, United States of America; Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Colombia , Vancouver, CanadaInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; Department Environmental Policy, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) , Leipzig, Germany; Department of Political Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, GermanyInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; School of Environmental and Sustainability Science, Kean University , NJ, United States of AmericaBarcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Estudis d’Economia i Empresa and Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3) , Barcelona, SpainValencia Bayesian Research Group, University of Valencia , Valencia, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Geography and Sociology Departments , Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain; School of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United KingdomFundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana , Valencia, SpainDepartament of Financial Economics, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain; CaixaBank Group , Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Applied Statistics and Operational Research, and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia, SpainInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Urban Studies and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA, United States of AmericaInstitute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain; Barcelona Lab for Urban Environmental Justice and Sustainability , Barcelona, Spain; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Geography and Sociology Departments , Brussels, BelgiumAlthough cities globally are increasingly mobilizing re-naturing projects to address diverse urban socio-environmental and health challenges, there is mounting evidence that these interventions may also be linked to the phenomenon known as green gentrification. However, to date the empirical evidence on the relationship between greenspaces and gentrification regarding associations with different greenspace types remains scarce. This study focused on 28 mid-sized cities in North America and Western Europe. We assessed improved access to different types of greenspace (i.e. total area of parks, gardens, nature preserves, recreational areas or greenways [i] added before the 2000s or [ii] added before the 2010s) and gentrification processes (including [i] gentrification for the 2000s; [ii] gentrification for the 2010s; [iii] gentrification throughout the decades of the 2000s and 2010s) in each small geographical unit of each city. To estimate the associations, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical spatial model for each city and gentrification time period (i.e. a maximum of three models per city). More than half of our models showed that parks—together with other factors such as proximity to the city center—are positively associated with gentrification processes, particularly in the US context, except in historically Black disinvested postindustrial cities with lots of vacant land. We also find than in half of our models newly designated nature preserves are negatively associated with gentrification processes, particularly when considering gentrification throughout the 2000s and the 2010s and in the US. Meanwhile, for new gardens, recreational spaces and greenways, our research shows mixed results (some positive, some negative and some no effect associations). Considering the environmental and health benefits of urban re-naturing projects, cities should keep investing in improving park access while simultaneously implementing anti-displacement and inclusive green policies.https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9325greenspacegentrificationgreen infrastructurenature-based solutionsenvironmental justice |
| spellingShingle | Margarita Triguero-Mas Isabelle Anguelovski James J T Connolly Nick Martin Austin Matheney Helen V S Cole Carmen Pérez-Del-Pulgar Melissa García-Lamarca Galia Shokry Lucía Argüelles David Conesa Elsa Gallez Blanca Sarzo Miguel Angel Beltrán Jesúa López Máñez Joaquín Martínez-Minaya Emilia Oscilowicz Mariana C Arcaya Francesc Baró Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces Environmental Research Letters greenspace gentrification green infrastructure nature-based solutions environmental justice |
| title | Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| title_full | Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| title_fullStr | Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| title_short | Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| title_sort | exploring green gentrification in 28 global north cities the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces |
| topic | greenspace gentrification green infrastructure nature-based solutions environmental justice |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9325 |
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