Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction
The 3D printing process offers several advantages to the medical industry by producing complex and bespoke devices that accurately reproduce customized patient geometries. Despite the recent developments that strongly enhanced the dominance of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques over conventional...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/23/5584 |
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| author | Paola Ginestra Rosalba Monica Ferraro Keren Zohar-Hauber Andrea Abeni Silvia Giliani Elisabetta Ceretti |
| author_facet | Paola Ginestra Rosalba Monica Ferraro Keren Zohar-Hauber Andrea Abeni Silvia Giliani Elisabetta Ceretti |
| author_sort | Paola Ginestra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The 3D printing process offers several advantages to the medical industry by producing complex and bespoke devices that accurately reproduce customized patient geometries. Despite the recent developments that strongly enhanced the dominance of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques over conventional methods, processes need to be continually optimized and controlled to obtain implants that can fulfill all the requirements of the surgical procedure and the anatomical district of interest. The best outcomes of an implant derive from optimal compromise and balance between a good interaction with the surrounding tissue through cell attachment and reduced inflammatory response mainly caused by a weak interface with the native tissue or bacteria colonization of the implant surface. For these reasons, the chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of a device need to be designed in order to assure the best performances considering the in vivo environment components. In particular, complex 3D geometries can be produced with high dimensional accuracy but inadequate surface properties due to the layer manufacturing process that always entails the use of post-processing techniques to improve the surface quality, increasing the lead times of the whole process despite the reduction of the supply chain. The goal of this work was to provide a comparison between Ti6Al4V samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) with different building directions in relation to the building plate. The results highlighted the influence of the process technique on osteoblast attachment and mineralization compared with the building orientation that showed a limited effect in promoting a proper osseointegration over a long-term period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a78b865ca0654a58ab269c02ac42f1e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:15:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-a78b865ca0654a58ab269c02ac42f1e02023-11-20T23:48:23ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-12-011323558410.3390/ma13235584Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building DirectionPaola Ginestra0Rosalba Monica Ferraro1Keren Zohar-Hauber2Andrea Abeni3Silvia Giliani4Elisabetta Ceretti5Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Medicine “Angelo Nocivelli”, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyMetallurgical and Powders Technologies Lab, Institute of Metals, Technion City, Haifa 320003, IsraelDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Medicine “Angelo Nocivelli”, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, ItalyThe 3D printing process offers several advantages to the medical industry by producing complex and bespoke devices that accurately reproduce customized patient geometries. Despite the recent developments that strongly enhanced the dominance of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques over conventional methods, processes need to be continually optimized and controlled to obtain implants that can fulfill all the requirements of the surgical procedure and the anatomical district of interest. The best outcomes of an implant derive from optimal compromise and balance between a good interaction with the surrounding tissue through cell attachment and reduced inflammatory response mainly caused by a weak interface with the native tissue or bacteria colonization of the implant surface. For these reasons, the chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of a device need to be designed in order to assure the best performances considering the in vivo environment components. In particular, complex 3D geometries can be produced with high dimensional accuracy but inadequate surface properties due to the layer manufacturing process that always entails the use of post-processing techniques to improve the surface quality, increasing the lead times of the whole process despite the reduction of the supply chain. The goal of this work was to provide a comparison between Ti6Al4V samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) with different building directions in relation to the building plate. The results highlighted the influence of the process technique on osteoblast attachment and mineralization compared with the building orientation that showed a limited effect in promoting a proper osseointegration over a long-term period.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/23/5584powder bed fusionselective laser meltingelectron beam meltingbuilding orientationtitaniumosseointegration |
| spellingShingle | Paola Ginestra Rosalba Monica Ferraro Keren Zohar-Hauber Andrea Abeni Silvia Giliani Elisabetta Ceretti Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction Materials powder bed fusion selective laser melting electron beam melting building orientation titanium osseointegration |
| title | Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction |
| title_full | Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction |
| title_fullStr | Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction |
| title_short | Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction |
| title_sort | selective laser melting and electron beam melting of ti6al4v for orthopedic applications a comparative study on the applied building direction |
| topic | powder bed fusion selective laser melting electron beam melting building orientation titanium osseointegration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/23/5584 |
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