Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of energy, especially in large-scale energy storage systems. Tremendous effort has been put into the electrode research of SIBs, and hard carbon (HC) stands out among the anode materials d...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6516 |
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| author | Liyang Liu Ye Tian Abubakar Abdussalam Muhammad Rehan Hasan Shah Gilani Wei Zhang Guobao Xu |
| author_facet | Liyang Liu Ye Tian Abubakar Abdussalam Muhammad Rehan Hasan Shah Gilani Wei Zhang Guobao Xu |
| author_sort | Liyang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of energy, especially in large-scale energy storage systems. Tremendous effort has been put into the electrode research of SIBs, and hard carbon (HC) stands out among the anode materials due to its advantages in cost, resource, industrial processes, and safety. However, different from the application of graphite in LIBs, HC, as a disordered carbon material, leaves more to be completely comprehended about its sodium storage mechanism, and there is still plenty of room for improvement in its capacity, rate performance and cycling performance. This paper reviews the research reports on HC materials in recent years, especially the research process of the sodium storage mechanism and the modification and optimization of HC materials. Finally, the review summarizes the sterling achievements and the challenges on the basis of recent progress, as well as the prospects on the development of HC anode materials in SIBs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:24:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a78d851aa23c4120aa79df1cef46e198 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:24:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a78d851aa23c4120aa79df1cef46e1982023-11-23T21:12:45ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-10-012719651610.3390/molecules27196516Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization StrategiesLiyang Liu0Ye Tian1Abubakar Abdussalam2Muhammad Rehan Hasan Shah Gilani3Wei Zhang4Guobao Xu5State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, ChinaThe College of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Urban Construction University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110167, ChinaCollege of Natural and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bayero University, P.M.B 3011, Kano 700006, NigeriaInstitute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanState Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, ChinaSodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the field of energy, especially in large-scale energy storage systems. Tremendous effort has been put into the electrode research of SIBs, and hard carbon (HC) stands out among the anode materials due to its advantages in cost, resource, industrial processes, and safety. However, different from the application of graphite in LIBs, HC, as a disordered carbon material, leaves more to be completely comprehended about its sodium storage mechanism, and there is still plenty of room for improvement in its capacity, rate performance and cycling performance. This paper reviews the research reports on HC materials in recent years, especially the research process of the sodium storage mechanism and the modification and optimization of HC materials. Finally, the review summarizes the sterling achievements and the challenges on the basis of recent progress, as well as the prospects on the development of HC anode materials in SIBs.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6516hard carbonSodium-ion batterieselectrolyteanodecarbon materialsmodification |
| spellingShingle | Liyang Liu Ye Tian Abubakar Abdussalam Muhammad Rehan Hasan Shah Gilani Wei Zhang Guobao Xu Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies Molecules hard carbon Sodium-ion batteries electrolyte anode carbon materials modification |
| title | Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies |
| title_full | Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies |
| title_short | Hard Carbons as Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Sodium Storage Mechanism and Optimization Strategies |
| title_sort | hard carbons as anodes in sodium ion batteries sodium storage mechanism and optimization strategies |
| topic | hard carbon Sodium-ion batteries electrolyte anode carbon materials modification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6516 |
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