2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter
Gated single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are practical solutions for quantum key distribution (QKD) applications. However, the gating frequency is limited by time jitter and afterpulse probability when SPADs operate at a frequency higher than 2 GHz. We find that filter distortion and variation o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Advanced Devices & Instrumentation |
| Online Access: | https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/adi.0020 |
| _version_ | 1797687136603865088 |
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| author | De-Yong He Shuang Wang Jia-Lin Chen Wei Chen Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han |
| author_facet | De-Yong He Shuang Wang Jia-Lin Chen Wei Chen Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han |
| author_sort | De-Yong He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gated single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are practical solutions for quantum key distribution (QKD) applications. However, the gating frequency is limited by time jitter and afterpulse probability when SPADs operate at a frequency higher than 2 GHz. We find that filter distortion and variation of signal amplitude are the dominant mechanisms for time jitter in high-frequency scenarios, and design a specific low-pass filter (LPF) and a zero crossing discriminator to reduce the time jitter effectively. Specifically, the LPF extracts avalanche signals and forms accurate zero crossing points by its impulse response, and the zero crossing discriminator correctly discriminates avalanche signals to achieve low time jitter. When the SPAD is operated at a gating frequency of 2.5 GHz with a detection efficiency of 21%, the time jitter and afterpulse probability are 44 ps and 1.4%, respectively. Our results pave the way to practical QKD systems at higher clock rates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:13:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a791930a86484978a97e01bafa01d7da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2767-9713 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:13:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Devices & Instrumentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-a791930a86484978a97e01bafa01d7da2023-09-13T20:24:51ZengAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Advanced Devices & Instrumentation2767-97132023-01-01410.34133/adi.00202.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time JitterDe-Yong He0Shuang Wang1Jia-Lin Chen2Wei Chen3Zhen-Qiang Yin4Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan5Zheng Zhou6Guang-Can Guo7Zheng-Fu Han8CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.Gated single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are practical solutions for quantum key distribution (QKD) applications. However, the gating frequency is limited by time jitter and afterpulse probability when SPADs operate at a frequency higher than 2 GHz. We find that filter distortion and variation of signal amplitude are the dominant mechanisms for time jitter in high-frequency scenarios, and design a specific low-pass filter (LPF) and a zero crossing discriminator to reduce the time jitter effectively. Specifically, the LPF extracts avalanche signals and forms accurate zero crossing points by its impulse response, and the zero crossing discriminator correctly discriminates avalanche signals to achieve low time jitter. When the SPAD is operated at a gating frequency of 2.5 GHz with a detection efficiency of 21%, the time jitter and afterpulse probability are 44 ps and 1.4%, respectively. Our results pave the way to practical QKD systems at higher clock rates.https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/adi.0020 |
| spellingShingle | De-Yong He Shuang Wang Jia-Lin Chen Wei Chen Zhen-Qiang Yin Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan Zheng Zhou Guang-Can Guo Zheng-Fu Han 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter Advanced Devices & Instrumentation |
| title | 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter |
| title_full | 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter |
| title_fullStr | 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter |
| title_short | 2.5 GHz Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode with 44 ps Time Jitter |
| title_sort | 2 5 ghz gated ingaas inp single photon avalanche diode with 44 ps time jitter |
| url | https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/adi.0020 |
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