Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development
Vaccine design traditionally focuses on inducing adaptive immune responses against a sole target pathogen. Considering that many microbes evade innate immune mechanisms to initiate infection, and in light of the discovery of epigenetically mediated innate immune training, the paradigm of vaccine des...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2109 |
| _version_ | 1797553532924067840 |
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| author | Samuel T. Pasco Juan Anguita |
| author_facet | Samuel T. Pasco Juan Anguita |
| author_sort | Samuel T. Pasco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccine design traditionally focuses on inducing adaptive immune responses against a sole target pathogen. Considering that many microbes evade innate immune mechanisms to initiate infection, and in light of the discovery of epigenetically mediated innate immune training, the paradigm of vaccine design has the potential to change. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine induces some level of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) while stimulating trained immunity that correlates with lower mortality and increased protection against unrelated pathogens. This review will explore BCG-induced trained immunity, including the required pathways to establish this phenotype. Additionally, potential methods to improve or expand BCG trained immunity effects through alternative vaccine delivery and formulation methods will be discussed. Finally, advances in new anti-Mtb vaccines, other antimicrobial uses for BCG, and “innate memory-based vaccines” will be examined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:17:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a797b463d8604aa6939c1e6538abb7ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:17:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-a797b463d8604aa6939c1e6538abb7ce2023-11-20T13:57:48ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-09-0199210910.3390/cells9092109Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine DevelopmentSamuel T. Pasco0Juan Anguita1Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, SpainInflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, SpainVaccine design traditionally focuses on inducing adaptive immune responses against a sole target pathogen. Considering that many microbes evade innate immune mechanisms to initiate infection, and in light of the discovery of epigenetically mediated innate immune training, the paradigm of vaccine design has the potential to change. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine induces some level of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) while stimulating trained immunity that correlates with lower mortality and increased protection against unrelated pathogens. This review will explore BCG-induced trained immunity, including the required pathways to establish this phenotype. Additionally, potential methods to improve or expand BCG trained immunity effects through alternative vaccine delivery and formulation methods will be discussed. Finally, advances in new anti-Mtb vaccines, other antimicrobial uses for BCG, and “innate memory-based vaccines” will be examined.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2109Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)innate immune memorymucosal immunityvaccine |
| spellingShingle | Samuel T. Pasco Juan Anguita Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development Cells Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) innate immune memory mucosal immunity vaccine |
| title | Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development |
| title_full | Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development |
| title_fullStr | Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development |
| title_short | Lessons from Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Harnessing Trained Immunity for Vaccine Development |
| title_sort | lessons from bacillus calmette guerin harnessing trained immunity for vaccine development |
| topic | Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) innate immune memory mucosal immunity vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2109 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samueltpasco lessonsfrombacilluscalmetteguerinharnessingtrainedimmunityforvaccinedevelopment AT juananguita lessonsfrombacilluscalmetteguerinharnessingtrainedimmunityforvaccinedevelopment |