<i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil
In Brazil, the production of mules with a comfortable gait primarily involves the breeding of marching saddle mules. This is achieved by crossing gaited Pêga donkeys with horses from the Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina breeds. The <i>DMRT3</i>:g.22999655C>A SNP is implicated in reg...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/24/3829 |
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| author | Mariana Herman Amanda Manara Caceres Ana Luísa H. Albuquerque Raíssa O. Leite César Erineudo T. Araújo Diego José Z. Delfiol Rogério A. Curi Alexandre S. Borges José P. Oliveira-Filho |
| author_facet | Mariana Herman Amanda Manara Caceres Ana Luísa H. Albuquerque Raíssa O. Leite César Erineudo T. Araújo Diego José Z. Delfiol Rogério A. Curi Alexandre S. Borges José P. Oliveira-Filho |
| author_sort | Mariana Herman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Brazil, the production of mules with a comfortable gait primarily involves the breeding of marching saddle mules. This is achieved by crossing gaited Pêga donkeys with horses from the Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina breeds. The <i>DMRT3</i>:g.22999655C>A SNP is implicated in regulating gait phenotypes observed in various horse breeds, including the batida (CC) and picada (CA) gaits found in these horse breeds. We aimed to determine if genotypes influenced gait type in 159 mules and 203 donkeys genotyped for the <i>DMRT3</i> SNP by PCR-RFLP analysis. About 47% of mules had the CC-genotype, while 53% had the CA-genotype. Donkeys predominantly had the CC-genotype (97%), and none had AA. Both CC- and CA-genotypes were evenly distributed among mules with the batida or picada gaits. In donkeys, the CC-genotype frequencies were consistent regardless of gait type. However, the CA-genotype was more common in picada-gaited donkeys than in batida-gaited donkeys. The prevalence of CA mules and the rare presence of the non-reference allele in donkeys align with previous findings in Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina horses. This suggests that the non-reference allele likely originated from the mares involved in donkey crosses. Our results also imply that factors beyond this variant, such as other genes and polymorphisms, influence gait traits in equids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:49Z |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-a797e153b6dc4a6b91ad40bae917488f2023-12-22T13:47:31ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-12-011324382910.3390/ani13243829<i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in BrazilMariana Herman0Amanda Manara Caceres1Ana Luísa H. Albuquerque2Raíssa O. Leite3César Erineudo T. Araújo4Diego José Z. Delfiol5Rogério A. Curi6Alexandre S. Borges7José P. Oliveira-Filho8Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Centro Universitário Doutor Leão Sampaio (Unileão), Juazeiro do Norte 63041-140, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38405-314, BrazilDepartment of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu 18618-681, BrazilIn Brazil, the production of mules with a comfortable gait primarily involves the breeding of marching saddle mules. This is achieved by crossing gaited Pêga donkeys with horses from the Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina breeds. The <i>DMRT3</i>:g.22999655C>A SNP is implicated in regulating gait phenotypes observed in various horse breeds, including the batida (CC) and picada (CA) gaits found in these horse breeds. We aimed to determine if genotypes influenced gait type in 159 mules and 203 donkeys genotyped for the <i>DMRT3</i> SNP by PCR-RFLP analysis. About 47% of mules had the CC-genotype, while 53% had the CA-genotype. Donkeys predominantly had the CC-genotype (97%), and none had AA. Both CC- and CA-genotypes were evenly distributed among mules with the batida or picada gaits. In donkeys, the CC-genotype frequencies were consistent regardless of gait type. However, the CA-genotype was more common in picada-gaited donkeys than in batida-gaited donkeys. The prevalence of CA mules and the rare presence of the non-reference allele in donkeys align with previous findings in Mangalarga Marchador and Campolina horses. This suggests that the non-reference allele likely originated from the mares involved in donkey crosses. Our results also imply that factors beyond this variant, such as other genes and polymorphisms, influence gait traits in equids.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/24/3829equidsgait keeperlocomotion patterngenotype effectBrazil |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Herman Amanda Manara Caceres Ana Luísa H. Albuquerque Raíssa O. Leite César Erineudo T. Araújo Diego José Z. Delfiol Rogério A. Curi Alexandre S. Borges José P. Oliveira-Filho <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil Animals equids gait keeper locomotion pattern genotype effect Brazil |
| title | <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil |
| title_full | <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil |
| title_fullStr | <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil |
| title_short | <i>DMRT3</i> Allele Frequencies in Batida- and Picada-Gaited Donkeys and Mules in Brazil |
| title_sort | i dmrt3 i allele frequencies in batida and picada gaited donkeys and mules in brazil |
| topic | equids gait keeper locomotion pattern genotype effect Brazil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/24/3829 |
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