Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus
Wild birds are considered to be the natural reservoir hosts of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Wild bird-origin AIVs may spill over into new hosts and overcome species barriers after evolutionary adaptation. H13N8 AIVs used to be considered primarily circulated in multispecies gulls but have recentl...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Bo Meng Qian Wang Haoyu Leng Chenyang Ren Chong Feng Weiwei Guo Yali Feng Ying Zhang |
| author_facet | Bo Meng Qian Wang Haoyu Leng Chenyang Ren Chong Feng Weiwei Guo Yali Feng Ying Zhang |
| author_sort | Bo Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wild birds are considered to be the natural reservoir hosts of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Wild bird-origin AIVs may spill over into new hosts and overcome species barriers after evolutionary adaptation. H13N8 AIVs used to be considered primarily circulated in multispecies gulls but have recently been shown to possess cross-species infectivity. In this study, we analyzed the genetic changes that occurred in the process of the evolution of H13 AIVs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that H13 AIVs underwent complex reassortment events. Based on the full genomic diversity, we divided H13 AIVs into 81 genotypes. Reassortment experiments indicated that basic polymerase 2 (PB2) and nucleoprotein (NP) genes of the H9N2 AIV significantly enhanced the polymerase activity of the H13N8 AIV. Using the replication-incompetent virus screening system, we identified two mutations, PB2-I76T and PB2-I559T, which could enhance the polymerase activity of the H13N8 AIV in mammalian cells. Notably, these mutations had been acquired by circulating H13N8 AIVs in 2015. These findings suggest that H13N8 AIVs are about to cross the host barrier. Occasional genetic reassortments with other AIVs and natural mutation events could promote this process. It is imperative to intensify monitoring efforts for H13N8 AIVs. |
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| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:46:26Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a7a77bca558f4442a7bacd66a88007db2024-03-27T14:07:34ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-02-0116332910.3390/v16030329Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza VirusBo Meng0Qian Wang1Haoyu Leng2Chenyang Ren3Chong Feng4Weiwei Guo5Yali Feng6Ying Zhang7Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaKey Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Rd., Shenyang 110866, ChinaWild birds are considered to be the natural reservoir hosts of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Wild bird-origin AIVs may spill over into new hosts and overcome species barriers after evolutionary adaptation. H13N8 AIVs used to be considered primarily circulated in multispecies gulls but have recently been shown to possess cross-species infectivity. In this study, we analyzed the genetic changes that occurred in the process of the evolution of H13 AIVs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that H13 AIVs underwent complex reassortment events. Based on the full genomic diversity, we divided H13 AIVs into 81 genotypes. Reassortment experiments indicated that basic polymerase 2 (PB2) and nucleoprotein (NP) genes of the H9N2 AIV significantly enhanced the polymerase activity of the H13N8 AIV. Using the replication-incompetent virus screening system, we identified two mutations, PB2-I76T and PB2-I559T, which could enhance the polymerase activity of the H13N8 AIV in mammalian cells. Notably, these mutations had been acquired by circulating H13N8 AIVs in 2015. These findings suggest that H13N8 AIVs are about to cross the host barrier. Occasional genetic reassortments with other AIVs and natural mutation events could promote this process. It is imperative to intensify monitoring efforts for H13N8 AIVs.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/329wild birdavian influenza virusH13N8H9N2evolutionribonucleoprotein complexes |
| spellingShingle | Bo Meng Qian Wang Haoyu Leng Chenyang Ren Chong Feng Weiwei Guo Yali Feng Ying Zhang Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus Viruses wild bird avian influenza virus H13N8 H9N2 evolution ribonucleoprotein complexes |
| title | Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus |
| title_full | Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus |
| title_short | Evolutionary Events Promoted Polymerase Activity of H13N8 Avian Influenza Virus |
| title_sort | evolutionary events promoted polymerase activity of h13n8 avian influenza virus |
| topic | wild bird avian influenza virus H13N8 H9N2 evolution ribonucleoprotein complexes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/329 |
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