Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning
Extruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/12/1358 |
| _version_ | 1797382052442537984 |
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| author | Jiahao Wu Chunya Wu Siyang Zou Xiguang Li Bo Ho Ruijiang Sun Chang Liu Mingjun Chen |
| author_facet | Jiahao Wu Chunya Wu Siyang Zou Xiguang Li Bo Ho Ruijiang Sun Chang Liu Mingjun Chen |
| author_sort | Jiahao Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with different viscosities. In this paper, biomaterial inks composed of gelatin, sodium alginate, and methylcellulose were utablesed to investigate the feasibility of adjustment of rheological properties, thereby analyzing the effects of different rheological properties on the printing process. Based on the response surface methodology, the relationship between the material components and the rheological properties of biomaterial inks was discussed, followed by the prediction of the rheological properties of biomaterial inks. The prediction accuracies of the power-law index and consistency coefficient could reach 96% and 79%, respectively. The material group can be used to prepare biomaterial inks with different viscosity properties in a wide range. Latin hypercube sampling and computational fluid dynamics were used to analyze the effects of different rheological properties and extrusion pressure on the flow rate at the nozzle. The relationship between the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink and the flow rate was established, and the simulation results showed that the changes in the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink in the high-viscosity region resulted in slight fluctuations in the flow rate, implying that the printing process for high-viscosity biomaterial inks may have better versatility. In addition, based on the characteristics of biomaterial inks, the printing process was optimized from the planning of the print pattern to improve the location accuracy of the starting point, and the length accuracy of filaments can reach 99%. The effect of the overlap between the fill pattern and outer frame on the print quality was investigated to improve the surface quality of complex structures. Furthermore, low- and high-viscosity biomaterial inks were tested, and various printing protocols were discussed for improving printing efficiency or maintaining cell activity. This study provides feasible printing concepts for a wider range of biomaterials to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:59:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a7bfb11108c9456089ca3294d3adf1a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:59:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-a7bfb11108c9456089ca3294d3adf1a12023-12-22T13:54:00ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-11-011012135810.3390/bioengineering10121358Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path PlanningJiahao Wu0Chunya Wu1Siyang Zou2Xiguang Li3Bo Ho4Ruijiang Sun5Chang Liu6Mingjun Chen7State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaExtruded bioprinting is widely used for the biomanufacturing of personalized, complex tissue structures, which requires biomaterial inks with a certain viscosity to enable printing. However, there is still a lack of discussion on the controllable preparation and printability of biomaterial inks with different viscosities. In this paper, biomaterial inks composed of gelatin, sodium alginate, and methylcellulose were utablesed to investigate the feasibility of adjustment of rheological properties, thereby analyzing the effects of different rheological properties on the printing process. Based on the response surface methodology, the relationship between the material components and the rheological properties of biomaterial inks was discussed, followed by the prediction of the rheological properties of biomaterial inks. The prediction accuracies of the power-law index and consistency coefficient could reach 96% and 79%, respectively. The material group can be used to prepare biomaterial inks with different viscosity properties in a wide range. Latin hypercube sampling and computational fluid dynamics were used to analyze the effects of different rheological properties and extrusion pressure on the flow rate at the nozzle. The relationship between the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink and the flow rate was established, and the simulation results showed that the changes in the rheological properties of the biomaterial ink in the high-viscosity region resulted in slight fluctuations in the flow rate, implying that the printing process for high-viscosity biomaterial inks may have better versatility. In addition, based on the characteristics of biomaterial inks, the printing process was optimized from the planning of the print pattern to improve the location accuracy of the starting point, and the length accuracy of filaments can reach 99%. The effect of the overlap between the fill pattern and outer frame on the print quality was investigated to improve the surface quality of complex structures. Furthermore, low- and high-viscosity biomaterial inks were tested, and various printing protocols were discussed for improving printing efficiency or maintaining cell activity. This study provides feasible printing concepts for a wider range of biomaterials to meet the biological requirements of cell culture and tissue engineering.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/12/1358bioprintingresponse surface methodologypower lawprintabilitysimulationprint path |
| spellingShingle | Jiahao Wu Chunya Wu Siyang Zou Xiguang Li Bo Ho Ruijiang Sun Chang Liu Mingjun Chen Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning Bioengineering bioprinting response surface methodology power law printability simulation print path |
| title | Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning |
| title_full | Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning |
| title_short | Investigation of Biomaterial Ink Viscosity Properties and Optimization of the Printing Process Based on Pattern Path Planning |
| title_sort | investigation of biomaterial ink viscosity properties and optimization of the printing process based on pattern path planning |
| topic | bioprinting response surface methodology power law printability simulation print path |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/12/1358 |
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