Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets
Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious threat to the developing world’s human population, which largely relies on a cereal-based diet that lacks diversity and micronutrients. Besides major cereals, millets represent the key sources of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals for people residing in t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1123655/full |
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| author | Himabindu Kudapa Rutwik Barmukh Hindu Vemuri Sunita Gorthy Rajasekhar Pinnamaneni Mani Vetriventhan Rakesh K. Srivastava Priyanka Joshi Ephrem Habyarimana S. K. Gupta Mahalingam Govindaraj Mahalingam Govindaraj |
| author_facet | Himabindu Kudapa Rutwik Barmukh Hindu Vemuri Sunita Gorthy Rajasekhar Pinnamaneni Mani Vetriventhan Rakesh K. Srivastava Priyanka Joshi Ephrem Habyarimana S. K. Gupta Mahalingam Govindaraj Mahalingam Govindaraj |
| author_sort | Himabindu Kudapa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious threat to the developing world’s human population, which largely relies on a cereal-based diet that lacks diversity and micronutrients. Besides major cereals, millets represent the key sources of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals for people residing in the dryland tropics and drought-prone areas of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Millets serve as multi-purpose crops with several salient traits including tolerance to abiotic stresses, adaptation to diverse agro-ecologies, higher productivity in nutrient-poor soils, and rich nutritional characteristics. Considering the potential of millets in empowering smallholder farmers, adapting to changing climate, and transforming agrifood systems, the year 2023 has been declared by the United Nations as the International Year of Millets. In this review, we highlight recent genetic and genomic innovations that can be explored to enhance grain micronutrient density in millets. We summarize the advances made in high-throughput phenotyping to accurately measure grain micronutrient content in cereals. We shed light on genetic diversity in millet germplasm collections existing globally that can be exploited for developing nutrient-dense and high-yielding varieties to address food and nutritional security. Furthermore, we describe the progress made in the fields of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics with an emphasis on enhancing the grain nutritional content for designing competitive biofortified varieties for the future. Considering the close genetic-relatedness within cereals, upcoming research should focus on identifying the genetic and genomic basis of nutritional traits in millets and introgressing them into major cereals through integrated omics approaches. Recent breakthroughs in the genome editing toolbox would be crucial for mainstreaming biofortification in millets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:43:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a7e6301013be4c79aa4475910a50799d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:43:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-a7e6301013be4c79aa4475910a50799d2023-03-06T05:47:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-03-011410.3389/fpls.2023.11236551123655Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in milletsHimabindu Kudapa0Rutwik Barmukh1Hindu Vemuri2Sunita Gorthy3Rajasekhar Pinnamaneni4Mani Vetriventhan5Rakesh K. Srivastava6Priyanka Joshi7Ephrem Habyarimana8S. K. Gupta9Mahalingam Govindaraj10Mahalingam Govindaraj11International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaKoneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Telangana, IndiaHarvestPlus Program, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, ColombiaMicronutrient malnutrition is a serious threat to the developing world’s human population, which largely relies on a cereal-based diet that lacks diversity and micronutrients. Besides major cereals, millets represent the key sources of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals for people residing in the dryland tropics and drought-prone areas of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Millets serve as multi-purpose crops with several salient traits including tolerance to abiotic stresses, adaptation to diverse agro-ecologies, higher productivity in nutrient-poor soils, and rich nutritional characteristics. Considering the potential of millets in empowering smallholder farmers, adapting to changing climate, and transforming agrifood systems, the year 2023 has been declared by the United Nations as the International Year of Millets. In this review, we highlight recent genetic and genomic innovations that can be explored to enhance grain micronutrient density in millets. We summarize the advances made in high-throughput phenotyping to accurately measure grain micronutrient content in cereals. We shed light on genetic diversity in millet germplasm collections existing globally that can be exploited for developing nutrient-dense and high-yielding varieties to address food and nutritional security. Furthermore, we describe the progress made in the fields of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics with an emphasis on enhancing the grain nutritional content for designing competitive biofortified varieties for the future. Considering the close genetic-relatedness within cereals, upcoming research should focus on identifying the genetic and genomic basis of nutritional traits in millets and introgressing them into major cereals through integrated omics approaches. Recent breakthroughs in the genome editing toolbox would be crucial for mainstreaming biofortification in millets.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1123655/fullmicronutrientsgenetic resourcesgenomics-assisted breedingomicsprecision phenotypinggenome editing |
| spellingShingle | Himabindu Kudapa Rutwik Barmukh Hindu Vemuri Sunita Gorthy Rajasekhar Pinnamaneni Mani Vetriventhan Rakesh K. Srivastava Priyanka Joshi Ephrem Habyarimana S. K. Gupta Mahalingam Govindaraj Mahalingam Govindaraj Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets Frontiers in Plant Science micronutrients genetic resources genomics-assisted breeding omics precision phenotyping genome editing |
| title | Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets |
| title_full | Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets |
| title_fullStr | Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets |
| title_short | Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets |
| title_sort | genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification examples in millets |
| topic | micronutrients genetic resources genomics-assisted breeding omics precision phenotyping genome editing |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1123655/full |
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