Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review
Abstract Wood extractives usually do not exceed five percent of dry wood mass but can be a serious issue for pulping as well as for the pulp itself. They cause contamination and damages to process equipment and negatively influence pulp quality. This paper addresses not only the extractives-related...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2021-11-01
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| Series: | SN Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04873-1 |
| _version_ | 1819014966752051200 |
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| author | Maximilian Lehr Martin Miltner Anton Friedl |
| author_facet | Maximilian Lehr Martin Miltner Anton Friedl |
| author_sort | Maximilian Lehr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Wood extractives usually do not exceed five percent of dry wood mass but can be a serious issue for pulping as well as for the pulp itself. They cause contamination and damages to process equipment and negatively influence pulp quality. This paper addresses not only the extractives-related problems but also different solutions for these issues. It is an extensive review of different technologies for removing wood extractives, starting with methods prior to pulping. Several wood yard operations like debarking, knot separation, and wood seasoning are known to significantly decreasing the amount of wood extractives. Biological treatment has also been proven as a feasible method for reducing the extractives content before pulping, but quite hard to handle. During pulping, the extractives reduction efficiency depends on the pulping method. Mechanical pulping removes the accessory compounds of wood just slightly, but chemical pulping, on the other hand, removes them to a large extent. Organosolv pulping even allows almost complete removal of wood extractives. The residual extractives content can be significantly reduced by pulp bleaching. Nevertheless, different extraction-based methods have been developed for removing wood extractives before pulping or bleaching. They range from organic-solvent-based extractions to novel processes like supercritical fluid extractions, ionic liquids extractions, microwave technology, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Although these methods deliver promising results and allow utilization of wood extractives in most cases, they suffer from many drawbacks towards an economically viable industrial-scale design, concluding that further research has to be done on these topics. Graphical abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:24:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a7ef7e24c08d4338885ac16141b8d4f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2523-3963 2523-3971 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:24:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SN Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a7ef7e24c08d4338885ac16141b8d4f32022-12-21T19:19:02ZengSpringerSN Applied Sciences2523-39632523-39712021-11-0131212210.1007/s42452-021-04873-1Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological reviewMaximilian Lehr0Martin Miltner1Anton Friedl2Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienInstitute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienInstitute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität WienAbstract Wood extractives usually do not exceed five percent of dry wood mass but can be a serious issue for pulping as well as for the pulp itself. They cause contamination and damages to process equipment and negatively influence pulp quality. This paper addresses not only the extractives-related problems but also different solutions for these issues. It is an extensive review of different technologies for removing wood extractives, starting with methods prior to pulping. Several wood yard operations like debarking, knot separation, and wood seasoning are known to significantly decreasing the amount of wood extractives. Biological treatment has also been proven as a feasible method for reducing the extractives content before pulping, but quite hard to handle. During pulping, the extractives reduction efficiency depends on the pulping method. Mechanical pulping removes the accessory compounds of wood just slightly, but chemical pulping, on the other hand, removes them to a large extent. Organosolv pulping even allows almost complete removal of wood extractives. The residual extractives content can be significantly reduced by pulp bleaching. Nevertheless, different extraction-based methods have been developed for removing wood extractives before pulping or bleaching. They range from organic-solvent-based extractions to novel processes like supercritical fluid extractions, ionic liquids extractions, microwave technology, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Although these methods deliver promising results and allow utilization of wood extractives in most cases, they suffer from many drawbacks towards an economically viable industrial-scale design, concluding that further research has to be done on these topics. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04873-1ExtractivesPulpRemovalTreatmentWood |
| spellingShingle | Maximilian Lehr Martin Miltner Anton Friedl Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review SN Applied Sciences Extractives Pulp Removal Treatment Wood |
| title | Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review |
| title_full | Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review |
| title_fullStr | Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review |
| title_short | Removal of wood extractives as pulp (pre-)treatment: a technological review |
| title_sort | removal of wood extractives as pulp pre treatment a technological review |
| topic | Extractives Pulp Removal Treatment Wood |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04873-1 |
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