Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model
Global climate issues are a serious impediment to green and sustainable urban development. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of structural change on urbanization in terms of population, energy, industry, and economics while accounting for per capita carbon emissions. In this arti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Energy Strategy Reviews |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X24000129 |
| _version_ | 1797320979713622016 |
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| author | Shuning Gao Jikun Jiang Shenglai Zhu Bilal Aslam Weihao Wang |
| author_facet | Shuning Gao Jikun Jiang Shenglai Zhu Bilal Aslam Weihao Wang |
| author_sort | Shuning Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global climate issues are a serious impediment to green and sustainable urban development. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of structural change on urbanization in terms of population, energy, industry, and economics while accounting for per capita carbon emissions. In this article, three income groups are defined using the World Bank database's income criteria, and panel data for 132 countries and three income groups is regressed using a panel threshold model from 1997 to 2021. The threshold variable in this framework is carbon emissions per capita, and the explained variable is urbanization; the explanatory factors are population structure (newborn birth rate), energy structure (renewable energy), industry structure (industrialization), and economic structure (GDP). The study's findings revealed that: (1) the newborn birth rate and renewable energy inhibit urbanization; however, the mediating effect of per capita carbon emissions mitigates this phenomenon. (2) The impact of industrialization on urban development has gradually become positive, mediated by per capita carbon emissions. (3) The mediating effect of per capita carbon emissions has increased economic growth's contribution to urbanization. (4) For high-, middle-, and low-income groups, there is some variability in the non-linear connection between the variables; in particular, the association between the newborn birth rate, renewable energy, and urbanization is more substantial. Finally, based on the study's findings, important policy suggestions in terms of structural determinants and heterogeneity are presented for policymakers all around the globe to use as a guide for implementing global urban-environmentally sustainable development plans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:50:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a7f7d0a13ba142eca290d2ea83c917e4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-467X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:50:54Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Strategy Reviews |
| spelling | doaj.art-a7f7d0a13ba142eca290d2ea83c917e42024-02-08T05:07:49ZengElsevierEnergy Strategy Reviews2211-467X2024-01-0151101305Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold modelShuning Gao0Jikun Jiang1Shenglai Zhu2Bilal Aslam3Weihao Wang4School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, ChinaSchool of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; Corresponding author.School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, ChinaSchool of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, ChinaSchool of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, ChinaGlobal climate issues are a serious impediment to green and sustainable urban development. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of structural change on urbanization in terms of population, energy, industry, and economics while accounting for per capita carbon emissions. In this article, three income groups are defined using the World Bank database's income criteria, and panel data for 132 countries and three income groups is regressed using a panel threshold model from 1997 to 2021. The threshold variable in this framework is carbon emissions per capita, and the explained variable is urbanization; the explanatory factors are population structure (newborn birth rate), energy structure (renewable energy), industry structure (industrialization), and economic structure (GDP). The study's findings revealed that: (1) the newborn birth rate and renewable energy inhibit urbanization; however, the mediating effect of per capita carbon emissions mitigates this phenomenon. (2) The impact of industrialization on urban development has gradually become positive, mediated by per capita carbon emissions. (3) The mediating effect of per capita carbon emissions has increased economic growth's contribution to urbanization. (4) For high-, middle-, and low-income groups, there is some variability in the non-linear connection between the variables; in particular, the association between the newborn birth rate, renewable energy, and urbanization is more substantial. Finally, based on the study's findings, important policy suggestions in terms of structural determinants and heterogeneity are presented for policymakers all around the globe to use as a guide for implementing global urban-environmentally sustainable development plans.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X24000129Per capita carbon emissionsUrbanizationNewborn birth rateRenewable energyPanel threshold model |
| spellingShingle | Shuning Gao Jikun Jiang Shenglai Zhu Bilal Aslam Weihao Wang Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model Energy Strategy Reviews Per capita carbon emissions Urbanization Newborn birth rate Renewable energy Panel threshold model |
| title | Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model |
| title_full | Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model |
| title_fullStr | Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model |
| title_short | Nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions, newborn birth rate, renewable energy, industrialization, and economic growth on urbanization: New evidence from panel threshold model |
| title_sort | nonlinear influence of per capita carbon emissions newborn birth rate renewable energy industrialization and economic growth on urbanization new evidence from panel threshold model |
| topic | Per capita carbon emissions Urbanization Newborn birth rate Renewable energy Panel threshold model |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X24000129 |
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