Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System
In this work, aiming to improve the flame retardancy performance of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), HIPS compounds were synthesized with the addition of intumescent flame retardant (IFR: mass ratio of APP and PER was 3:1) and diatoms into HIPS matrix by melt blending method. It was found the IFR/dia...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4453 |
| _version_ | 1797470167016407040 |
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| author | Fuhua Lin Mi Zhang Xiangyang Li Shuangdan Mao Yinghui Wei |
| author_facet | Fuhua Lin Mi Zhang Xiangyang Li Shuangdan Mao Yinghui Wei |
| author_sort | Fuhua Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, aiming to improve the flame retardancy performance of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), HIPS compounds were synthesized with the addition of intumescent flame retardant (IFR: mass ratio of APP and PER was 3:1) and diatoms into HIPS matrix by melt blending method. It was found the IFR/diatoms system exhibited high flame retardant efficiency and catalytic carbonization effect to HIPS matrix in the burning process. The LOI value of HIPS-2 compound with the addition of 28 wt% IFR and 2 wt% diatoms was increased to 29.0% and passed V-0 rating. The value of PHRR for HIPS-2 compound is about 460.58 kW/m<sup>2</sup> compared with 937.22 kW/m<sup>2</sup> of pure HIPS and the value of THR for HIPS-2 compound is about 32.9 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> compared with 62.7 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> of pure HIPS, suggesting that the addition of IFR/diatoms system can decrease the values of PHRR and THR, which shows the synergistic effect between IFR and diatoms on reducing heat release. The 21.9% reduction in Av-EHC and 41.4% reduction in TSP seen on introducing an IFR/diatoms system indicates effective smoke suppression, which potentially would significantly reduce the death rate in real fire accidents. The TG-IR results indicated that the IFR/diatoms flame retardant system functioned in the gas phase to suppress the flame. The SEM images showed the char residue produced was more compact and continuous, which suggests that the IFR/diatoms flame retardant system exhibits barrier and catalytic effects to block heat transferring and promote char forming. The tensile strength and impact strength of HIPS-2 compound were 22.95 MPa and 2.63 KJ/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The tensile strength and impact strength were increased by 34.13% and 19.55% compared with that of pure HIPS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:32:54Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a8174102f8b747a2b5038f9cb608cd48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:32:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8174102f8b747a2b5038f9cb608cd482023-11-24T02:09:47ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-10-011420445310.3390/polym14204453Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene SystemFuhua Lin0Mi Zhang1Xiangyang Li2Shuangdan Mao3Yinghui Wei4School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaShanxi Province Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030621, ChinaShanxi Province Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030621, ChinaShanxi Advance Technology Low Carbon Industry Research Institute Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030021, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, ChinaIn this work, aiming to improve the flame retardancy performance of high impact polystyrene (HIPS), HIPS compounds were synthesized with the addition of intumescent flame retardant (IFR: mass ratio of APP and PER was 3:1) and diatoms into HIPS matrix by melt blending method. It was found the IFR/diatoms system exhibited high flame retardant efficiency and catalytic carbonization effect to HIPS matrix in the burning process. The LOI value of HIPS-2 compound with the addition of 28 wt% IFR and 2 wt% diatoms was increased to 29.0% and passed V-0 rating. The value of PHRR for HIPS-2 compound is about 460.58 kW/m<sup>2</sup> compared with 937.22 kW/m<sup>2</sup> of pure HIPS and the value of THR for HIPS-2 compound is about 32.9 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> compared with 62.7 MJ/m<sup>2</sup> of pure HIPS, suggesting that the addition of IFR/diatoms system can decrease the values of PHRR and THR, which shows the synergistic effect between IFR and diatoms on reducing heat release. The 21.9% reduction in Av-EHC and 41.4% reduction in TSP seen on introducing an IFR/diatoms system indicates effective smoke suppression, which potentially would significantly reduce the death rate in real fire accidents. The TG-IR results indicated that the IFR/diatoms flame retardant system functioned in the gas phase to suppress the flame. The SEM images showed the char residue produced was more compact and continuous, which suggests that the IFR/diatoms flame retardant system exhibits barrier and catalytic effects to block heat transferring and promote char forming. The tensile strength and impact strength of HIPS-2 compound were 22.95 MPa and 2.63 KJ/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The tensile strength and impact strength were increased by 34.13% and 19.55% compared with that of pure HIPS.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4453high impact polystyrene (HIPS)flame retardancymechanical propertyintumescent flame retardant (IFR)char |
| spellingShingle | Fuhua Lin Mi Zhang Xiangyang Li Shuangdan Mao Yinghui Wei Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System Polymers high impact polystyrene (HIPS) flame retardancy mechanical property intumescent flame retardant (IFR) char |
| title | Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System |
| title_full | Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System |
| title_short | Synergistic Effects of Diatoms on Intumescent Flame Retardant High Impact Polystyrene System |
| title_sort | synergistic effects of diatoms on intumescent flame retardant high impact polystyrene system |
| topic | high impact polystyrene (HIPS) flame retardancy mechanical property intumescent flame retardant (IFR) char |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4453 |
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