Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres
The objective of this research was to develop a surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor of cigarette smoke to prevent tobacco hazards and to detect cigarette smoke in real time through the adsorption of an ambient tobacco marker. The SAW sensor was coated with oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/4/276 |
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| author | Chi-Yung Cheng Shih-Shien Huang Chia-Min Yang Kea-Tiong Tang Da-Jeng Yao |
| author_facet | Chi-Yung Cheng Shih-Shien Huang Chia-Min Yang Kea-Tiong Tang Da-Jeng Yao |
| author_sort | Chi-Yung Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this research was to develop a surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor of cigarette smoke to prevent tobacco hazards and to detect cigarette smoke in real time through the adsorption of an ambient tobacco marker. The SAW sensor was coated with oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (O-HMC) as a sensing material of a new type, which replaced a polymer. O-HMC were fabricated using nitric acid to form carboxyl groups on carbon frameworks. The modified conditions of O-HMC were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The appropriately modified O-HMC are more sensitive than polyacrylic acid and hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (PAA-HMC), which is proven by normalization. This increases the sensitivity of a standard tobacco marker (3-ethenylpyridine, 3-EP) from 37.8 to 51.2 Hz/ppm and prevents the drawbacks of a polymer-based sensing material. On filtering particles above 1 μm and using tar to prevent tar adhesion, the SAW sensor detects cigarette smoke with sufficient sensitivity and satisfactory repeatability. Tests, showing satisfactory selectivity to the cigarette smoke marker (3-EP) with interfering gases CH<sub>4</sub>, CO, and CO<sub>2</sub>, show that CO and CO<sub>2</sub> have a negligible role during the detection of cigarette smoke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:41:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a81ea0049d3949d2bacb08fdd03b0903 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:41:56Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-a81ea0049d3949d2bacb08fdd03b09032022-12-22T00:45:42ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2019-04-0110427610.3390/mi10040276mi10040276Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon NanospheresChi-Yung Cheng0Shih-Shien Huang1Chia-Min Yang2Kea-Tiong Tang3Da-Jeng Yao4Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanInstitute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanThe objective of this research was to develop a surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor of cigarette smoke to prevent tobacco hazards and to detect cigarette smoke in real time through the adsorption of an ambient tobacco marker. The SAW sensor was coated with oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (O-HMC) as a sensing material of a new type, which replaced a polymer. O-HMC were fabricated using nitric acid to form carboxyl groups on carbon frameworks. The modified conditions of O-HMC were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The appropriately modified O-HMC are more sensitive than polyacrylic acid and hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (PAA-HMC), which is proven by normalization. This increases the sensitivity of a standard tobacco marker (3-ethenylpyridine, 3-EP) from 37.8 to 51.2 Hz/ppm and prevents the drawbacks of a polymer-based sensing material. On filtering particles above 1 μm and using tar to prevent tar adhesion, the SAW sensor detects cigarette smoke with sufficient sensitivity and satisfactory repeatability. Tests, showing satisfactory selectivity to the cigarette smoke marker (3-EP) with interfering gases CH<sub>4</sub>, CO, and CO<sub>2</sub>, show that CO and CO<sub>2</sub> have a negligible role during the detection of cigarette smoke.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/4/276surface acoustic wavesecond-hand smoke3-ethenylpyridineoxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere |
| spellingShingle | Chi-Yung Cheng Shih-Shien Huang Chia-Min Yang Kea-Tiong Tang Da-Jeng Yao Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres Micromachines surface acoustic wave second-hand smoke 3-ethenylpyridine oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere |
| title | Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres |
| title_full | Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres |
| title_short | Detection of Cigarette Smoke Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Gas Sensor with Non-Polymer-Based Oxidized Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres |
| title_sort | detection of cigarette smoke using a surface acoustic wave gas sensor with non polymer based oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres |
| topic | surface acoustic wave second-hand smoke 3-ethenylpyridine oxidized hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/4/276 |
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