New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke
BackgroundThe main and well-defined complication of intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). However, rtPA might also be connected with the formation of cerebral microbleed...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.744701/full |
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| author | Bartosz Jabłoński Anna Gójska-Grymajło Daria Ossowska Daria Ossowska Edyta Szurowska Adam Wyszomirski Bartłomiej Rojek Bartosz Karaszewski |
| author_facet | Bartosz Jabłoński Anna Gójska-Grymajło Daria Ossowska Daria Ossowska Edyta Szurowska Adam Wyszomirski Bartłomiej Rojek Bartosz Karaszewski |
| author_sort | Bartosz Jabłoński |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe main and well-defined complication of intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). However, rtPA might also be connected with the formation of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), located remotely from the ischemic lesions, that may remain clinically silent. This association might be important because the load of CMBs has been associated with cognitive impairment. We investigated whether administration of rtPA in AIS results in the appearance of new CMBs and if the initial load of CMBs is associated with hemorrhagic transformation.MethodsA total of fifty-nine consecutive patients with AIS treated with rtPA underwent MRI including T2*-weighted Echo Planar Imaging (T2*-EPI) shortly before and 7–9 days after rtPA administration. We calculated the load of new CMBs located outside the MR diffusion restriction area in the follow-up imaging and assessed hemorrhagic transformation with ECASS-II scoring.ResultsA total of forty-nine patients were included for the final analysis. On initial T2*-EPI-GRE, 37 baseline microbleeds (CMBs) were observed in 14 patients (28.6%). On follow-up T2*-EPI-GRE amount of CMBs increased to a total number of 103. New CMBs were found in 5 (14.3%) of 35 patients without and in 9 (64.3%) of 14 with any baseline CMBs. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that presence of baseline CMBs (risk ratio [RR] 5.95, 95% CI 2.69–13.20, p < 0.001) and lower platelets level (risk ratio [RR] 0.992, 95% CI 0.986–0.998, p = 0.007) were independently associated with new CMBs. The baseline load of CMBs was not associated with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.ConclusionIn this study, new CMBs were found in nearly 30% of patients with AIS on the 7–9 days after rtPA treatment. Baseline CMBs correlated with a higher risk of new CMBs appearing after the rtPA treatment, independently of other factors. At the same time, in our sample, baseline CMBs did not correlate with an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation. Since the associations between the CMBs load and cognitive impairment have already been proved, further studies are warranted to investigate possible associations between the thrombolytic treatment of patients with AIS, mainly those with baseline CMBs, and the risk of earlier cognitive decline. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T03:34:34Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T03:34:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a83134eed44243499879fdfcc527332b2022-12-22T00:01:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-02-011210.3389/fneur.2021.744701744701New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic StrokeBartosz Jabłoński0Anna Gójska-Grymajło1Daria Ossowska2Daria Ossowska3Edyta Szurowska4Adam Wyszomirski5Bartłomiej Rojek6Bartosz Karaszewski7Department of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandII Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Radiology, University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, PolandII Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Radiology, University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Adult Neurology, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandBackgroundThe main and well-defined complication of intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). However, rtPA might also be connected with the formation of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), located remotely from the ischemic lesions, that may remain clinically silent. This association might be important because the load of CMBs has been associated with cognitive impairment. We investigated whether administration of rtPA in AIS results in the appearance of new CMBs and if the initial load of CMBs is associated with hemorrhagic transformation.MethodsA total of fifty-nine consecutive patients with AIS treated with rtPA underwent MRI including T2*-weighted Echo Planar Imaging (T2*-EPI) shortly before and 7–9 days after rtPA administration. We calculated the load of new CMBs located outside the MR diffusion restriction area in the follow-up imaging and assessed hemorrhagic transformation with ECASS-II scoring.ResultsA total of forty-nine patients were included for the final analysis. On initial T2*-EPI-GRE, 37 baseline microbleeds (CMBs) were observed in 14 patients (28.6%). On follow-up T2*-EPI-GRE amount of CMBs increased to a total number of 103. New CMBs were found in 5 (14.3%) of 35 patients without and in 9 (64.3%) of 14 with any baseline CMBs. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that presence of baseline CMBs (risk ratio [RR] 5.95, 95% CI 2.69–13.20, p < 0.001) and lower platelets level (risk ratio [RR] 0.992, 95% CI 0.986–0.998, p = 0.007) were independently associated with new CMBs. The baseline load of CMBs was not associated with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.ConclusionIn this study, new CMBs were found in nearly 30% of patients with AIS on the 7–9 days after rtPA treatment. Baseline CMBs correlated with a higher risk of new CMBs appearing after the rtPA treatment, independently of other factors. At the same time, in our sample, baseline CMBs did not correlate with an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation. Since the associations between the CMBs load and cognitive impairment have already been proved, further studies are warranted to investigate possible associations between the thrombolytic treatment of patients with AIS, mainly those with baseline CMBs, and the risk of earlier cognitive decline.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.744701/fullcerebral microbleedsacute ischemic strokethrombolysishemorrhagic transformationneuroimagingMRI |
| spellingShingle | Bartosz Jabłoński Anna Gójska-Grymajło Daria Ossowska Daria Ossowska Edyta Szurowska Adam Wyszomirski Bartłomiej Rojek Bartosz Karaszewski New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke Frontiers in Neurology cerebral microbleeds acute ischemic stroke thrombolysis hemorrhagic transformation neuroimaging MRI |
| title | New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_full | New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_fullStr | New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_short | New Remote Cerebral Microbleeds on T2*-Weighted Echo Planar MRI After Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_sort | new remote cerebral microbleeds on t2 weighted echo planar mri after intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke |
| topic | cerebral microbleeds acute ischemic stroke thrombolysis hemorrhagic transformation neuroimaging MRI |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.744701/full |
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