Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals
Polyester fibers (PEF) were successfully coated with Polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization to make electrically conductive fibers (ECF). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the synthesis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the coating of PANI on the surface of PEF. Both coa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423001011 |
| _version_ | 1827978364689842176 |
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| author | S Sadia Nimra Z.A. Rehan S Hasan Ali Salman Atir Kinza Fatima Fatima Shahzadi HM Fayzan Shakir Mohammed A. Alamir Tarek Mohamed Ahmed Ali EL-Bagory Imran Shahid |
| author_facet | S Sadia Nimra Z.A. Rehan S Hasan Ali Salman Atir Kinza Fatima Fatima Shahzadi HM Fayzan Shakir Mohammed A. Alamir Tarek Mohamed Ahmed Ali EL-Bagory Imran Shahid |
| author_sort | S Sadia Nimra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyester fibers (PEF) were successfully coated with Polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization to make electrically conductive fibers (ECF). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the synthesis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the coating of PANI on the surface of PEF. Both coated and uncoated fibers were tested for their DC conductivity, and the results showed a clear difference between the two. From a highly insulating state, it transitions to about 0.1 S/cm. Both the tensile strength and modulus seemed to rise, going from 0.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa and from 0.04 MPa to 0.4 MPa, respectively. Blocking electromagnetic (EM) waves primarily requires a material with good electrical conductivity. The fabric proved effective in blocking about 99.9% of the ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared rays. Fabrics that effectively block electromagnetic waves are able to conceal the high-temperature human body from a thermal imaging camera, which detects heat signatures by observing the infrared (IR) radiation generated by objects. We also measured the dielectric characteristics using impedance analysis and found that the values for the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity dramatically increased from the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 MHz. Further, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and shielding efficiency were determined with the aid of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss (SE). The overall SE in the same 100 Hz to 5 MHz range was similarly more than 80 dB. Improved EMI shielding was feasible due to the non-woven fabric's strong electrical conductivity, homogenous PANI coating on the surface, and great compactness. These findings are enough to predict that these fibers will provide good EMI shielding and thermal imaging when used in any application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:19:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a855f5ac4ebf4e06b2f66ed967959786 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:19:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a855f5ac4ebf4e06b2f66ed9679597862023-03-28T06:46:09ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-03-012323992409Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signalsS Sadia Nimra0Z.A. Rehan1S Hasan Ali2Salman Atir3Kinza Fatima4Fatima Shahzadi5HM Fayzan Shakir6Mohammed A. Alamir7Tarek Mohamed Ahmed Ali EL-Bagory8Imran Shahid9Department of Materials, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Materials, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Materials, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, PakistanCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, ChinaInstitute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, PakistanDepartment of Materials, School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, PakistanNPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Graphene New Carbon Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Corresponding author.Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Riyadh 11952, Saudi Arabia; Department of Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering Materia, Helwan University, Cairo 11724, EgyptEnvironmental Science Centre, PO Box 2713, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Corresponding author.Polyester fibers (PEF) were successfully coated with Polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization to make electrically conductive fibers (ECF). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the synthesis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirms the coating of PANI on the surface of PEF. Both coated and uncoated fibers were tested for their DC conductivity, and the results showed a clear difference between the two. From a highly insulating state, it transitions to about 0.1 S/cm. Both the tensile strength and modulus seemed to rise, going from 0.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa and from 0.04 MPa to 0.4 MPa, respectively. Blocking electromagnetic (EM) waves primarily requires a material with good electrical conductivity. The fabric proved effective in blocking about 99.9% of the ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared rays. Fabrics that effectively block electromagnetic waves are able to conceal the high-temperature human body from a thermal imaging camera, which detects heat signatures by observing the infrared (IR) radiation generated by objects. We also measured the dielectric characteristics using impedance analysis and found that the values for the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity dramatically increased from the frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 MHz. Further, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and shielding efficiency were determined with the aid of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss (SE). The overall SE in the same 100 Hz to 5 MHz range was similarly more than 80 dB. Improved EMI shielding was feasible due to the non-woven fabric's strong electrical conductivity, homogenous PANI coating on the surface, and great compactness. These findings are enough to predict that these fibers will provide good EMI shielding and thermal imaging when used in any application.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423001011EMI shieldingDC conductivityPolyester fibersPANIFiber reinforced compositesThermal imaging |
| spellingShingle | S Sadia Nimra Z.A. Rehan S Hasan Ali Salman Atir Kinza Fatima Fatima Shahzadi HM Fayzan Shakir Mohammed A. Alamir Tarek Mohamed Ahmed Ali EL-Bagory Imran Shahid Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals Journal of Materials Research and Technology EMI shielding DC conductivity Polyester fibers PANI Fiber reinforced composites Thermal imaging |
| title | Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals |
| title_full | Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals |
| title_fullStr | Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals |
| title_short | Electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in-situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against EMI and thermal imaging signals |
| title_sort | electrically conductive fibers fabrication and characterization via in situ polymerization of aniline for the protection against emi and thermal imaging signals |
| topic | EMI shielding DC conductivity Polyester fibers PANI Fiber reinforced composites Thermal imaging |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423001011 |
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