Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage
Abstract Palmitic acid (PA) is ubiquitous in the biosphere and its hydrogen isotopic composition (δ2HPA) was proposed as a potential paleoenvironmental proxy for salinity, with δ2HPA values increasing with salinity. In this study, we analyzed 40 surface sediment samples from Baffin Bay and the Labra...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010837 |
| _version_ | 1797637963569430528 |
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| author | Estelle Allan Peter M. J. Douglas Anne deVernal Yves Gélinas Alfonso O. Mucci |
| author_facet | Estelle Allan Peter M. J. Douglas Anne deVernal Yves Gélinas Alfonso O. Mucci |
| author_sort | Estelle Allan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Palmitic acid (PA) is ubiquitous in the biosphere and its hydrogen isotopic composition (δ2HPA) was proposed as a potential paleoenvironmental proxy for salinity, with δ2HPA values increasing with salinity. In this study, we analyzed 40 surface sediment samples from Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea to examine the isotopic composition of PA in relation to local environmental variables, including salinity. In contrast to expectations, our results show a negative relationship between the δ2HPA and sea‐surface salinity, raising questions about its pertinence and usefulness as a salinity proxy. Instead, our results suggest that the relative abundance of distinct organisms that employ different metabolisms is the key in determining the hydrogen isotopic fractionations in PA. While we show that PA is mostly produced through photoautotrophic metabolisms by diatoms and dinoflagellates, varying contributions from heterotrophic metabolisms may obscure the stable isotope composition of PA. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between the stable carbon isotopic composition of the sedimentary organic matter (δ13Corg) and PA (δ13CPA), implying major differences in either the dominant organisms producing sedimentary PA or in carbon isotope fractionation during lipid biosynthesis. We also found that the presence of extended sea‐ice cover leads to enriched carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions in PA. These enriched values suggest heterotrophic biodegradation in the water column and/or in the sediment as well as an increase in grazing activities. We propose that sea‐ice cover and surface water oxygenation modulate the relative impact of phototrophic and heterotrophic metabolisms, and therefore the isotopic composition of marine sedimentary PA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:56:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a85fab5263fa4f07b551b355f019bae0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1525-2027 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:56:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems |
| spelling | doaj.art-a85fab5263fa4f07b551b355f019bae02023-11-03T17:01:04ZengWileyGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems1525-20272023-09-01249n/an/a10.1029/2022GC010837Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice CoverageEstelle Allan0Peter M. J. Douglas1Anne deVernal2Yves Gélinas3Alfonso O. Mucci4Geotop McGill University Montréal QC CanadaGeotop McGill University Montréal QC CanadaGeotop Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC CanadaGeotop Concordia University Montréal QC CanadaGeotop McGill University Montréal QC CanadaAbstract Palmitic acid (PA) is ubiquitous in the biosphere and its hydrogen isotopic composition (δ2HPA) was proposed as a potential paleoenvironmental proxy for salinity, with δ2HPA values increasing with salinity. In this study, we analyzed 40 surface sediment samples from Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea to examine the isotopic composition of PA in relation to local environmental variables, including salinity. In contrast to expectations, our results show a negative relationship between the δ2HPA and sea‐surface salinity, raising questions about its pertinence and usefulness as a salinity proxy. Instead, our results suggest that the relative abundance of distinct organisms that employ different metabolisms is the key in determining the hydrogen isotopic fractionations in PA. While we show that PA is mostly produced through photoautotrophic metabolisms by diatoms and dinoflagellates, varying contributions from heterotrophic metabolisms may obscure the stable isotope composition of PA. Surprisingly, we found no correlation between the stable carbon isotopic composition of the sedimentary organic matter (δ13Corg) and PA (δ13CPA), implying major differences in either the dominant organisms producing sedimentary PA or in carbon isotope fractionation during lipid biosynthesis. We also found that the presence of extended sea‐ice cover leads to enriched carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions in PA. These enriched values suggest heterotrophic biodegradation in the water column and/or in the sediment as well as an increase in grazing activities. We propose that sea‐ice cover and surface water oxygenation modulate the relative impact of phototrophic and heterotrophic metabolisms, and therefore the isotopic composition of marine sedimentary PA.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010837palmitic acidlipid biomarkershydrogen isotopescarbon isotopesBaffin BayLabrador Sea |
| spellingShingle | Estelle Allan Peter M. J. Douglas Anne deVernal Yves Gélinas Alfonso O. Mucci Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems palmitic acid lipid biomarkers hydrogen isotopes carbon isotopes Baffin Bay Labrador Sea |
| title | Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage |
| title_full | Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage |
| title_fullStr | Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage |
| title_short | Palmitic Acid Is Not a Proper Salinity Proxy in Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea but Reflects the Variability in Organic Matter Sources Modulated by Sea Ice Coverage |
| title_sort | palmitic acid is not a proper salinity proxy in baffin bay and the labrador sea but reflects the variability in organic matter sources modulated by sea ice coverage |
| topic | palmitic acid lipid biomarkers hydrogen isotopes carbon isotopes Baffin Bay Labrador Sea |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010837 |
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