A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers
As major depressive disorder (MDD) is such a diverse condition, there are currently no clear ways for determining its severity, endophenotype, or therapy response. The distinctive nature of depression, the variability of analysis in literature and the large number of conceptually complicated biomark...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061170 |
| _version_ | 1797732949114748928 |
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| author | Fahmida Hoque Rimti Reemal Shahbaz Kunj Bhatt Alex Xiang |
| author_facet | Fahmida Hoque Rimti Reemal Shahbaz Kunj Bhatt Alex Xiang |
| author_sort | Fahmida Hoque Rimti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As major depressive disorder (MDD) is such a diverse condition, there are currently no clear ways for determining its severity, endophenotype, or therapy response. The distinctive nature of depression, the variability of analysis in literature and the large number of conceptually complicated biomarkers are some of the many reasons for the lack of progress. Markers are involved in the process of neurotrophic, metabolic, and inflammation as well as neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems’ components. Some clinical indicators are strong enough so that can be measured using assessments of proteomic, genetic, metabolomics, neuroimaging, epigenetic and transcriptomic. Markers of oxidative stress, endocrine, inflammatory, proteomic, and growth indicators are currently among the promising biologic systems/markers identified in this analysis. This narrative review examines succinct studies which investigated cytokines of inflammatory factors, peripheral factors of development, metabolic and endocrine markers as pathophysiological biomarkers of MDD, and treatment responses. Endocrine and metabolic alterations have also been linked to MDD in various studies. So, this study summarizes all of the numerous biomarkers that are significant in the detection or treatment of MDD patients. The paper also provides an overview of various biomarkers which are important for the regulation and its effects on MDD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:21:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a86cbf442326418189114dd0c82d2d9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:21:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-a86cbf442326418189114dd0c82d2d9c2023-08-30T05:53:04ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-08-0198e18909A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkersFahmida Hoque Rimti0Reemal Shahbaz1Kunj Bhatt2Alex Xiang3Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, 4203, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.McMaster University, Ontario, 00000, CanadaMcMaster University, Ontario, 00000, CanadaMcMaster University, Ontario, 00000, CanadaAs major depressive disorder (MDD) is such a diverse condition, there are currently no clear ways for determining its severity, endophenotype, or therapy response. The distinctive nature of depression, the variability of analysis in literature and the large number of conceptually complicated biomarkers are some of the many reasons for the lack of progress. Markers are involved in the process of neurotrophic, metabolic, and inflammation as well as neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems’ components. Some clinical indicators are strong enough so that can be measured using assessments of proteomic, genetic, metabolomics, neuroimaging, epigenetic and transcriptomic. Markers of oxidative stress, endocrine, inflammatory, proteomic, and growth indicators are currently among the promising biologic systems/markers identified in this analysis. This narrative review examines succinct studies which investigated cytokines of inflammatory factors, peripheral factors of development, metabolic and endocrine markers as pathophysiological biomarkers of MDD, and treatment responses. Endocrine and metabolic alterations have also been linked to MDD in various studies. So, this study summarizes all of the numerous biomarkers that are significant in the detection or treatment of MDD patients. The paper also provides an overview of various biomarkers which are important for the regulation and its effects on MDD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061170Major depressive disorderInsulin-like growth factor IBrain-derived neurotrophic factorMood disordersIL-1b |
| spellingShingle | Fahmida Hoque Rimti Reemal Shahbaz Kunj Bhatt Alex Xiang A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers Heliyon Major depressive disorder Insulin-like growth factor I Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Mood disorders IL-1b |
| title | A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| title_full | A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| title_fullStr | A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| title_short | A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| title_sort | review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers |
| topic | Major depressive disorder Insulin-like growth factor I Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Mood disorders IL-1b |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023061170 |
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