Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons
Abstract Although once considered uncommon, there is growing evidence of widespread senescence in wildlife populations. However, few studies have examined the traits involved, inter-sexual differences, and environmental correlates of age-specific performance in raptors. We studied age-specific repro...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20240-5 |
| _version_ | 1811253574395494400 |
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| author | Jabi Zabala José E. Martínez Benjamín Gómez-Moliner Iñigo Zuberogoitia |
| author_facet | Jabi Zabala José E. Martínez Benjamín Gómez-Moliner Iñigo Zuberogoitia |
| author_sort | Jabi Zabala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Although once considered uncommon, there is growing evidence of widespread senescence in wildlife populations. However, few studies have examined the traits involved, inter-sexual differences, and environmental correlates of age-specific performance in raptors. We studied age-specific reproductive performance and actuarial senescence (decrease in survival probability with age) in a peregrine falcon population monitored for 21 years. We analysed changes with age in the number of offspring produced and incubation start date. We also inspected variation in lifespan and breeding lifespan (number of breeding occasions in a lifetime). In every case, we assessed associations between variations in traits and age, sex, recruitment age, and environmental conditions (cumulative rainfall during breeding season) experienced upon the first breeding attempt. We found scarce evidence for reproductive senescence. Only the incubation start date in females, which was delayed after approximately 8 cy (calendar years), suggested reproductive senescence in our study population. Regarding actuarial senescence, our data did not support it as we only found evidence of higher juvenile mortality. Furthermore, expected lifespan in peregrines recruited at 2 cy was associated with conditions experienced upon the first breeding attempt. The lifespan and breeding career of individuals recruited as yearlings and experiencing low rainfall upon first breeding did not significantly differ from those recruited as adults. However, those recruited as yearlings and experiencing poor environmental conditions upon the first breeding attempt showed reduced lifespan and breeding lifespan. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:53:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8a2a20334b6461399b3789bab3c7423 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:53:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8a2a20334b6461399b3789bab3c74232022-12-22T03:24:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-0112111010.1038/s41598-022-20240-5Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falconsJabi Zabala0José E. Martínez1Benjamín Gómez-Moliner2Iñigo Zuberogoitia3Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHUBonelli´s Eagle Study and Conservation GroupDepartment of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHUEstudios Medioambientales Icarus S.L. C/San VicenteAbstract Although once considered uncommon, there is growing evidence of widespread senescence in wildlife populations. However, few studies have examined the traits involved, inter-sexual differences, and environmental correlates of age-specific performance in raptors. We studied age-specific reproductive performance and actuarial senescence (decrease in survival probability with age) in a peregrine falcon population monitored for 21 years. We analysed changes with age in the number of offspring produced and incubation start date. We also inspected variation in lifespan and breeding lifespan (number of breeding occasions in a lifetime). In every case, we assessed associations between variations in traits and age, sex, recruitment age, and environmental conditions (cumulative rainfall during breeding season) experienced upon the first breeding attempt. We found scarce evidence for reproductive senescence. Only the incubation start date in females, which was delayed after approximately 8 cy (calendar years), suggested reproductive senescence in our study population. Regarding actuarial senescence, our data did not support it as we only found evidence of higher juvenile mortality. Furthermore, expected lifespan in peregrines recruited at 2 cy was associated with conditions experienced upon the first breeding attempt. The lifespan and breeding career of individuals recruited as yearlings and experiencing low rainfall upon first breeding did not significantly differ from those recruited as adults. However, those recruited as yearlings and experiencing poor environmental conditions upon the first breeding attempt showed reduced lifespan and breeding lifespan.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20240-5 |
| spellingShingle | Jabi Zabala José E. Martínez Benjamín Gómez-Moliner Iñigo Zuberogoitia Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons Scientific Reports |
| title | Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| title_full | Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| title_fullStr | Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| title_short | Environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age-specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| title_sort | environmental conditions experienced upon first breeding modulate costs of early breeding but not age specific reproductive output in peregrine falcons |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20240-5 |
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