Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are globally widespread arthropod-transmitted diseases with a significant impact on animal and human health. Many drivers have recently spurred the geographic spread of VBDs in dogs. This study has evaluated the exposure to most important VBDs in dogs under different pre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/507 |
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| author | Mariasole Colombo Simone Morelli Giulia Simonato Angela Di Cesare Fabrizia Veronesi Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono Laura Grassi Ilaria Russi Pietro Giorgio Tiscar Giulia Morganti Jasmine Hattab Valeria Rizzo Donato Traversa |
| author_facet | Mariasole Colombo Simone Morelli Giulia Simonato Angela Di Cesare Fabrizia Veronesi Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono Laura Grassi Ilaria Russi Pietro Giorgio Tiscar Giulia Morganti Jasmine Hattab Valeria Rizzo Donato Traversa |
| author_sort | Mariasole Colombo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are globally widespread arthropod-transmitted diseases with a significant impact on animal and human health. Many drivers have recently spurred the geographic spread of VBDs in dogs. This study has evaluated the exposure to most important VBDs in dogs under different preventative treatments in different regions of Italy, i.e., Veneto, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Umbria, Giglio Island (Tuscany), Abruzzo and Latium. Serological analyses were performed to detect antibodies against <i>Leishmania infantum</i>, <i>Babesia canis</i>, <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>/<i>Anaplasma platys</i>, <i>Ehrlichia canis/Ehrlichia ewingii</i>, <i>Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia conorii</i> and the circulating antigen of <i>Dirofilaria immitis.</i> Dogs were categorized according to the treatment schedule usually received, and the association between seropositivity and possible risk factors was statistically evaluated. Overall, 124/242 (51.2%) dogs tested positive for at least one pathogen, while 34 (14.0%) were exposed to two or more pathogens. The most detected seropositivity was against <i>R. conorii</i>, followed by <i>Anaplasma</i> spp., <i>L. infantum</i>, <i>B. canis</i>, and the other pathogens under study. Significant statistical associations were found according to geographical provenance, history of tick infestation, lifestyle and inadequate prophylactic treatments. Random/irregular treatments have been identified as a clear risk factor. These results show that adequate prophylactic treatment protocols are overlooked by dog owners, despite the availability of several effective products, with possible implications in veterinary medicine and on public health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:03:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8a45f470d894e96b593df26c8ebfa1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:03:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8a45f470d894e96b593df26c8ebfa1a2023-11-21T16:47:07ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-04-0110550710.3390/pathogens10050507Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of ItalyMariasole Colombo0Simone Morelli1Giulia Simonato2Angela Di Cesare3Fabrizia Veronesi4Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono5Laura Grassi6Ilaria Russi7Pietro Giorgio Tiscar8Giulia Morganti9Jasmine Hattab10Valeria Rizzo11Donato Traversa12Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyVector-borne diseases (VBDs) are globally widespread arthropod-transmitted diseases with a significant impact on animal and human health. Many drivers have recently spurred the geographic spread of VBDs in dogs. This study has evaluated the exposure to most important VBDs in dogs under different preventative treatments in different regions of Italy, i.e., Veneto, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Umbria, Giglio Island (Tuscany), Abruzzo and Latium. Serological analyses were performed to detect antibodies against <i>Leishmania infantum</i>, <i>Babesia canis</i>, <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>/<i>Anaplasma platys</i>, <i>Ehrlichia canis/Ehrlichia ewingii</i>, <i>Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia conorii</i> and the circulating antigen of <i>Dirofilaria immitis.</i> Dogs were categorized according to the treatment schedule usually received, and the association between seropositivity and possible risk factors was statistically evaluated. Overall, 124/242 (51.2%) dogs tested positive for at least one pathogen, while 34 (14.0%) were exposed to two or more pathogens. The most detected seropositivity was against <i>R. conorii</i>, followed by <i>Anaplasma</i> spp., <i>L. infantum</i>, <i>B. canis</i>, and the other pathogens under study. Significant statistical associations were found according to geographical provenance, history of tick infestation, lifestyle and inadequate prophylactic treatments. Random/irregular treatments have been identified as a clear risk factor. These results show that adequate prophylactic treatment protocols are overlooked by dog owners, despite the availability of several effective products, with possible implications in veterinary medicine and on public health.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/507canine vector-borne diseasesdogstickssandfliesfleasectoparasiticides |
| spellingShingle | Mariasole Colombo Simone Morelli Giulia Simonato Angela Di Cesare Fabrizia Veronesi Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono Laura Grassi Ilaria Russi Pietro Giorgio Tiscar Giulia Morganti Jasmine Hattab Valeria Rizzo Donato Traversa Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy Pathogens canine vector-borne diseases dogs ticks sandflies fleas ectoparasiticides |
| title | Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy |
| title_full | Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy |
| title_short | Exposure to Major Vector-Borne Diseases in Dogs Subjected to Different Preventative Regimens in Endemic Areas of Italy |
| title_sort | exposure to major vector borne diseases in dogs subjected to different preventative regimens in endemic areas of italy |
| topic | canine vector-borne diseases dogs ticks sandflies fleas ectoparasiticides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/5/507 |
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