Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations
Bangladesh is a country with a high burden of micronutrient malnutrition. Stunting affects 41 % of children aged under 5 years. Zn is one of the key micronutrients that is associated with stunting. The present study, as part of the national micronutrient survey 2011–2012, revealed for the first time...
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Cambridge University Press
2016-01-01
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author | Sabuktagin Rahman Tahmeed Ahmed Ahmed Shafiqur Rahman Nurul Alam A. M. Shamsir Ahmed Santhia Ireen Ireen Akhter Chowdhury Fatima Parveen Chowdhury S. M. Mustafizur Rahman |
author_facet | Sabuktagin Rahman Tahmeed Ahmed Ahmed Shafiqur Rahman Nurul Alam A. M. Shamsir Ahmed Santhia Ireen Ireen Akhter Chowdhury Fatima Parveen Chowdhury S. M. Mustafizur Rahman |
author_sort | Sabuktagin Rahman |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Bangladesh is a country with a high burden of micronutrient malnutrition. Stunting affects 41 % of children aged under 5 years. Zn is one of the key micronutrients that is associated with stunting. The present study, as part of the national micronutrient survey 2011–2012, revealed for the first time the nationally representative prevalence of Zn deficiency and determined the associations of the condition. A cross-sectional ‘nationwide’ survey was conducted in pre-school-age children (6–59 months; PSAC) and non-pregnant non-lactating women (15–49 years; NPNLW). Multistage random sampling was done in 150 clusters; fifty in each of the rural, urban and slum strata. Data were analysed on 662 PSAC and 1073 NPNLW. Serum Zn was assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Zn deficiency was defined as serum Zn of <9·9 and <10·1 µmol/l in PSAC and NPNLW, respectively. The national prevalence of Zn deficiency was 44·6 and 57·3 % in PSAC and NPNLW, respectively. In PSAC, it was 29·5, 48·6 and 51·7 %, respectively, in urban, rural and slum strata. Household expenses (β = 0·13; P = 0·007), Hb (β = 0·10; P = 0·005), intake of animal-source Zn (β = 0·096; P = 0·02) and asset score (β = 0·11; P = 0·03) were positively associated with serum Zn in NPNLW. Residence in an urban area (β = 0·33; P = 0·03) and intake of plant-origin Zn (β = −0·13; P = 0·038) determined higher and lower status of Zn in PSAC, respectively. Zn deficiency was highly prevalent in Bangladesh, and it was principally related to inadequate quality of diet. To improve Zn nutrition, Bangladesh needs to strengthen research and programmes related to Zn biofortification, fortification and phytate-reducing technologies in the food system in the short and medium term. In addition, promotion of animal-source Zn for all is important in the long run. |
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spelling | doaj.art-a8acac02ed3e4d1ea18f2114fb454b122023-03-09T12:38:50ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902016-01-01510.1017/jns.2016.17Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associationsSabuktagin Rahman0Tahmeed Ahmed1Ahmed Shafiqur Rahman2Nurul Alam3A. M. Shamsir Ahmed4Santhia Ireen5Ireen Akhter Chowdhury6Fatima Parveen Chowdhury7S. M. Mustafizur Rahman8Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, BangladeshNutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, BangladeshNutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, BangladeshHealth Systems and Population Studies Division, ICDDR,B, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, BangladeshNutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, AustraliaNutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B), 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, BangladeshUNICEF, BangladeshAyesha Memorial Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh Institute of Public Health Nutrition, Dhaka, BangladeshInstitute of Public Health Nutrition, Dhaka, Bangladesh Micronutrient Initiative, Dhaka, BangladeshBangladesh is a country with a high burden of micronutrient malnutrition. Stunting affects 41 % of children aged under 5 years. Zn is one of the key micronutrients that is associated with stunting. The present study, as part of the national micronutrient survey 2011–2012, revealed for the first time the nationally representative prevalence of Zn deficiency and determined the associations of the condition. A cross-sectional ‘nationwide’ survey was conducted in pre-school-age children (6–59 months; PSAC) and non-pregnant non-lactating women (15–49 years; NPNLW). Multistage random sampling was done in 150 clusters; fifty in each of the rural, urban and slum strata. Data were analysed on 662 PSAC and 1073 NPNLW. Serum Zn was assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Zn deficiency was defined as serum Zn of <9·9 and <10·1 µmol/l in PSAC and NPNLW, respectively. The national prevalence of Zn deficiency was 44·6 and 57·3 % in PSAC and NPNLW, respectively. In PSAC, it was 29·5, 48·6 and 51·7 %, respectively, in urban, rural and slum strata. Household expenses (β = 0·13; P = 0·007), Hb (β = 0·10; P = 0·005), intake of animal-source Zn (β = 0·096; P = 0·02) and asset score (β = 0·11; P = 0·03) were positively associated with serum Zn in NPNLW. Residence in an urban area (β = 0·33; P = 0·03) and intake of plant-origin Zn (β = −0·13; P = 0·038) determined higher and lower status of Zn in PSAC, respectively. Zn deficiency was highly prevalent in Bangladesh, and it was principally related to inadequate quality of diet. To improve Zn nutrition, Bangladesh needs to strengthen research and programmes related to Zn biofortification, fortification and phytate-reducing technologies in the food system in the short and medium term. In addition, promotion of animal-source Zn for all is important in the long run.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679016000173/type/journal_articleZinc deficiencyZinc intakeChildrenWomen in BangladeshRural, urban and slum |
spellingShingle | Sabuktagin Rahman Tahmeed Ahmed Ahmed Shafiqur Rahman Nurul Alam A. M. Shamsir Ahmed Santhia Ireen Ireen Akhter Chowdhury Fatima Parveen Chowdhury S. M. Mustafizur Rahman Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations Journal of Nutritional Science Zinc deficiency Zinc intake Children Women in Bangladesh Rural, urban and slum |
title | Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations |
title_full | Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations |
title_fullStr | Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations |
title_full_unstemmed | Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations |
title_short | Status of zinc nutrition in Bangladesh: the underlying associations |
title_sort | status of zinc nutrition in bangladesh the underlying associations |
topic | Zinc deficiency Zinc intake Children Women in Bangladesh Rural, urban and slum |
url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679016000173/type/journal_article |
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