The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes
Humans and their gut microbiota have co-evolved over thousands of years, resulting in the establishment of a complex host–microbiota ecosystem. Early life environmental factors, such as delivery mode, nutrition, and medication use, have been shown to substantially affect both host–microbiota interac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00408/full |
| _version_ | 1818328045280296960 |
|---|---|
| author | Siobhan Brushett Siobhan Brushett Trishla Sinha Sijmen A. Reijneveld Marlou L. A. de Kroon Alexandra Zhernakova |
| author_facet | Siobhan Brushett Siobhan Brushett Trishla Sinha Sijmen A. Reijneveld Marlou L. A. de Kroon Alexandra Zhernakova |
| author_sort | Siobhan Brushett |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Humans and their gut microbiota have co-evolved over thousands of years, resulting in the establishment of a complex host–microbiota ecosystem. Early life environmental factors, such as delivery mode, nutrition, and medication use, have been shown to substantially affect both host–microbiota interactions and health outcomes. However, the effects of urbanization (characterized by the spectrum of rural and urban populations) on these early life events have been overlooked. A deeper understanding of the relationship between urbanization and microbiota development will allow for the identification of novel biological and social approaches that can be implemented to prevent and treat disease and promote maternal and infant/child health. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize how factors associated with urbanization differentially impact delivery mode, nutrition, and medication use, and how these changes subsequently affect the gut microbiota and health outcomes of infants. This narrative review also describes the important evidence gaps associated with these relationships and recommends actions that can be taken to improve the health of mothers and infants worldwide. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:25:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8aeb298e067421294a8f0095fcbe31c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:25:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8aeb298e067421294a8f0095fcbe31c2022-12-21T23:46:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602020-07-01810.3389/fped.2020.00408554281The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health OutcomesSiobhan Brushett0Siobhan Brushett1Trishla Sinha2Sijmen A. Reijneveld3Marlou L. A. de Kroon4Alexandra Zhernakova5Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsHumans and their gut microbiota have co-evolved over thousands of years, resulting in the establishment of a complex host–microbiota ecosystem. Early life environmental factors, such as delivery mode, nutrition, and medication use, have been shown to substantially affect both host–microbiota interactions and health outcomes. However, the effects of urbanization (characterized by the spectrum of rural and urban populations) on these early life events have been overlooked. A deeper understanding of the relationship between urbanization and microbiota development will allow for the identification of novel biological and social approaches that can be implemented to prevent and treat disease and promote maternal and infant/child health. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize how factors associated with urbanization differentially impact delivery mode, nutrition, and medication use, and how these changes subsequently affect the gut microbiota and health outcomes of infants. This narrative review also describes the important evidence gaps associated with these relationships and recommends actions that can be taken to improve the health of mothers and infants worldwide.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00408/fullurbanizationgut microbiotainfantmotherhealth outcomesdelivery mode |
| spellingShingle | Siobhan Brushett Siobhan Brushett Trishla Sinha Sijmen A. Reijneveld Marlou L. A. de Kroon Alexandra Zhernakova The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes Frontiers in Pediatrics urbanization gut microbiota infant mother health outcomes delivery mode |
| title | The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes |
| title_full | The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes |
| title_short | The Effects of Urbanization on the Infant Gut Microbiota and Health Outcomes |
| title_sort | effects of urbanization on the infant gut microbiota and health outcomes |
| topic | urbanization gut microbiota infant mother health outcomes delivery mode |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fped.2020.00408/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT siobhanbrushett theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT siobhanbrushett theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT trishlasinha theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT sijmenareijneveld theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT marlouladekroon theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT alexandrazhernakova theeffectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT siobhanbrushett effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT siobhanbrushett effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT trishlasinha effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT sijmenareijneveld effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT marlouladekroon effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes AT alexandrazhernakova effectsofurbanizationontheinfantgutmicrobiotaandhealthoutcomes |