Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas
This study introduces a novel flood monitoring and warning system (FMWS) that leverages the capabilities of long-range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) to maintain extensive network connectivity, consume minimal power, and utilize low data transmission rates. We developed a new algorithm to measure and...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345223000263 |
| _version_ | 1797742188175556608 |
|---|---|
| author | Muhammad Izzat Zakaria Waheb A. Jabbar Noorazliza Sulaiman |
| author_facet | Muhammad Izzat Zakaria Waheb A. Jabbar Noorazliza Sulaiman |
| author_sort | Muhammad Izzat Zakaria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study introduces a novel flood monitoring and warning system (FMWS) that leverages the capabilities of long-range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) to maintain extensive network connectivity, consume minimal power, and utilize low data transmission rates. We developed a new algorithm to measure and monitor flood levels and rate changes effectively. The innovative, cost-effective, and user-friendly FMWS employs an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino microcontroller to measure flood levels and determine their status. Real-time data regarding flood levels and associated risk levels (safe, alert, cautious, or dangerous) are updated on The Things Network and integrated into TagoIO and ThingSpeak IoT platforms through a custom-built LoRaWAN gateway. The solar-powered system functions as a stand-alone beacon, notifying individuals and authorities of changing conditions. Consequently, the proposed LoRaWAN-based FMWS gathers information from catchment areas according to water level risks, triggering early flood warnings and sending them to authorities and residents via the mobile application and multiple web-based dashboards for proactive measures. The system's effectiveness and functionality are demonstrated through real-life implementation. Additionally, we evaluated the performance of the LoRa/LoRaWAN communication interface in terms of RSSI, SNR, PDR, and delay for two spreading factors (SF7 and SF12). The system's design allows for future expansion, enabling simultaneous data reporting from multiple sensor monitoring units to a server via a central gateway as a network. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:37:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8c9c658df9b420bac16ccf90a824d0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-3452 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:37:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8c9c658df9b420bac16ccf90a824d0f2023-08-17T04:28:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems2667-34522023-01-013249261Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areasMuhammad Izzat Zakaria0Waheb A. Jabbar1Noorazliza Sulaiman2Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, MalaysiaSchool of Engineering and the Built Environment, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, B4 7XG, UK; Corresponding author.Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, MalaysiaThis study introduces a novel flood monitoring and warning system (FMWS) that leverages the capabilities of long-range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) to maintain extensive network connectivity, consume minimal power, and utilize low data transmission rates. We developed a new algorithm to measure and monitor flood levels and rate changes effectively. The innovative, cost-effective, and user-friendly FMWS employs an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with an Arduino microcontroller to measure flood levels and determine their status. Real-time data regarding flood levels and associated risk levels (safe, alert, cautious, or dangerous) are updated on The Things Network and integrated into TagoIO and ThingSpeak IoT platforms through a custom-built LoRaWAN gateway. The solar-powered system functions as a stand-alone beacon, notifying individuals and authorities of changing conditions. Consequently, the proposed LoRaWAN-based FMWS gathers information from catchment areas according to water level risks, triggering early flood warnings and sending them to authorities and residents via the mobile application and multiple web-based dashboards for proactive measures. The system's effectiveness and functionality are demonstrated through real-life implementation. Additionally, we evaluated the performance of the LoRa/LoRaWAN communication interface in terms of RSSI, SNR, PDR, and delay for two spreading factors (SF7 and SF12). The system's design allows for future expansion, enabling simultaneous data reporting from multiple sensor monitoring units to a server via a central gateway as a network.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345223000263Flood monitoringIoTLoRaLoRaWANSmart sensorTTN |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Izzat Zakaria Waheb A. Jabbar Noorazliza Sulaiman Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems Flood monitoring IoT LoRa LoRaWAN Smart sensor TTN |
| title | Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| title_full | Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| title_fullStr | Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| title_short | Development of a smart sensing unit for LoRaWAN-based IoT flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| title_sort | development of a smart sensing unit for lorawan based iot flood monitoring and warning system in catchment areas |
| topic | Flood monitoring IoT LoRa LoRaWAN Smart sensor TTN |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667345223000263 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadizzatzakaria developmentofasmartsensingunitforlorawanbasediotfloodmonitoringandwarningsystemincatchmentareas AT wahebajabbar developmentofasmartsensingunitforlorawanbasediotfloodmonitoringandwarningsystemincatchmentareas AT noorazlizasulaiman developmentofasmartsensingunitforlorawanbasediotfloodmonitoringandwarningsystemincatchmentareas |