Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics
Proteoglycans are a diverse group of molecules which are characterized by a central protein backbone that is decorated with a variety of linear sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains. Proteoglycans contribute significantly to the biochemical and mechanical properties of the interstitial extracellula...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.569377/full |
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| author | Anna Barkovskaya Alexander Buffone Alexander Buffone Martin Žídek Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver |
| author_facet | Anna Barkovskaya Alexander Buffone Alexander Buffone Martin Žídek Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver |
| author_sort | Anna Barkovskaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proteoglycans are a diverse group of molecules which are characterized by a central protein backbone that is decorated with a variety of linear sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains. Proteoglycans contribute significantly to the biochemical and mechanical properties of the interstitial extracellular matrix where they modulate cellular behavior by engaging transmembrane receptors. Proteoglycans also comprise a major component of the cellular glycocalyx to influence transmembrane receptor structure/function and mechanosignaling. Through their ability to initiate biochemical and mechanosignaling in cells, proteoglycans elicit profound effects on proliferation, adhesion and migration. Pathologies including cancer and cardiovascular disease are characterized by perturbed expression of proteoglycans where they compromise cell and tissue behavior by stiffening the extracellular matrix and increasing the bulkiness of the glycocalyx. Increasing evidence indicates that a bulky glycocalyx and proteoglycan-enriched extracellular matrix promote malignant transformation, increase cancer aggression and alter anti-tumor therapy response. In this review, we focus on the contribution of proteoglycans to mechanobiology in the context of normal and transformed tissues. We discuss the significance of proteoglycans for therapy response, and the current experimental strategies that target proteoglycans to sensitize cancer cells to treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:28:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8d19cbcb5544178bd71dec38ee86df6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T13:28:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8d19cbcb5544178bd71dec38ee86df62022-12-21T20:19:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2020-11-01810.3389/fcell.2020.569377569377Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue MechanicsAnna Barkovskaya0Alexander Buffone1Alexander Buffone2Martin Žídek3Valerie M. Weaver4Valerie M. Weaver5Valerie M. Weaver6Valerie M. Weaver7Valerie M. Weaver8Center for Bioengineering & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesCenter for Bioengineering & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesCenter for Bioengineering & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesCenter for Bioengineering & Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Bioengineering, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Therapeutic Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesUCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesProteoglycans are a diverse group of molecules which are characterized by a central protein backbone that is decorated with a variety of linear sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains. Proteoglycans contribute significantly to the biochemical and mechanical properties of the interstitial extracellular matrix where they modulate cellular behavior by engaging transmembrane receptors. Proteoglycans also comprise a major component of the cellular glycocalyx to influence transmembrane receptor structure/function and mechanosignaling. Through their ability to initiate biochemical and mechanosignaling in cells, proteoglycans elicit profound effects on proliferation, adhesion and migration. Pathologies including cancer and cardiovascular disease are characterized by perturbed expression of proteoglycans where they compromise cell and tissue behavior by stiffening the extracellular matrix and increasing the bulkiness of the glycocalyx. Increasing evidence indicates that a bulky glycocalyx and proteoglycan-enriched extracellular matrix promote malignant transformation, increase cancer aggression and alter anti-tumor therapy response. In this review, we focus on the contribution of proteoglycans to mechanobiology in the context of normal and transformed tissues. We discuss the significance of proteoglycans for therapy response, and the current experimental strategies that target proteoglycans to sensitize cancer cells to treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.569377/fullproteoglycansGAGcancermechanosignalingglycocalyx |
| spellingShingle | Anna Barkovskaya Alexander Buffone Alexander Buffone Martin Žídek Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Valerie M. Weaver Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology proteoglycans GAG cancer mechanosignaling glycocalyx |
| title | Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics |
| title_full | Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics |
| title_fullStr | Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics |
| title_short | Proteoglycans as Mediators of Cancer Tissue Mechanics |
| title_sort | proteoglycans as mediators of cancer tissue mechanics |
| topic | proteoglycans GAG cancer mechanosignaling glycocalyx |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.569377/full |
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