A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D
Non-fluidic array SPR imaging (SPRi) with appropriate biosensors is a new tool for the determination of various biomarkers in body fluids. Numerous biomarkers can be determined without signal enhancement or preliminarily preconcentration. The introduction of a new material solution of the chip may i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/1/21 |
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| author | Pawel Falkowski Piotr Mrozek Piotr Miluski Zenon Lukaszewski Ewa Gorodkiewicz |
| author_facet | Pawel Falkowski Piotr Mrozek Piotr Miluski Zenon Lukaszewski Ewa Gorodkiewicz |
| author_sort | Pawel Falkowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-fluidic array SPR imaging (SPRi) with appropriate biosensors is a new tool for the determination of various biomarkers in body fluids. Numerous biomarkers can be determined without signal enhancement or preliminarily preconcentration. The introduction of a new material solution of the chip may increase the scope of the application of this technique. Solutions with adhesive separating foil and an Ag/Au chip were compared with the previously used two-paint separating polymer and pure gold chip. These solutions were tested using the example of a biosensor for cathepsin D (Cath D), which consisted of pepstatin A (a Cath D inhibitor) immobilized via a cysteamine linker using the NHS/EDC protocol. Four material versions of the Cath D biosensor proved adequate in terms of range of linearity, LOQ, precision and recovery. All four versions of the biosensor were used for the determination of Cath D in the blood serum patients with glioblastoma and control samples, producing very similar results and showing an elevated biomarker concentration in the case of cancer. Therefore, the problem of determining the correct level of Cath D in the serum of healthy individuals has been resolved, correcting literature data which ranged over three orders of magnitude. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:49:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8df21a9489549d49bf2e1cf9830a1f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:49:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8df21a9489549d49bf2e1cf9830a1f12023-11-23T13:08:05ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742021-12-011212110.3390/bios12010021A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin DPawel Falkowski0Piotr Mrozek1Piotr Miluski2Zenon Lukaszewski3Ewa Gorodkiewicz4Bioanalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, PolandFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, PolandFaculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Sklodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznan, PolandBioanalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, PolandNon-fluidic array SPR imaging (SPRi) with appropriate biosensors is a new tool for the determination of various biomarkers in body fluids. Numerous biomarkers can be determined without signal enhancement or preliminarily preconcentration. The introduction of a new material solution of the chip may increase the scope of the application of this technique. Solutions with adhesive separating foil and an Ag/Au chip were compared with the previously used two-paint separating polymer and pure gold chip. These solutions were tested using the example of a biosensor for cathepsin D (Cath D), which consisted of pepstatin A (a Cath D inhibitor) immobilized via a cysteamine linker using the NHS/EDC protocol. Four material versions of the Cath D biosensor proved adequate in terms of range of linearity, LOQ, precision and recovery. All four versions of the biosensor were used for the determination of Cath D in the blood serum patients with glioblastoma and control samples, producing very similar results and showing an elevated biomarker concentration in the case of cancer. Therefore, the problem of determining the correct level of Cath D in the serum of healthy individuals has been resolved, correcting literature data which ranged over three orders of magnitude.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/1/21cathepsin Darray SPRiAg/Au chipblood serumadhesive separating foilglioblastoma |
| spellingShingle | Pawel Falkowski Piotr Mrozek Piotr Miluski Zenon Lukaszewski Ewa Gorodkiewicz A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D Biosensors cathepsin D array SPRi Ag/Au chip blood serum adhesive separating foil glioblastoma |
| title | A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D |
| title_full | A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D |
| title_short | A Comparison of Various Chips Used for the Manufacture of Biosensors Applied in Non-Fluidic Array SPRi, Based on the Example of Determination of Cathepsin D |
| title_sort | comparison of various chips used for the manufacture of biosensors applied in non fluidic array spri based on the example of determination of cathepsin d |
| topic | cathepsin D array SPRi Ag/Au chip blood serum adhesive separating foil glioblastoma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/1/21 |
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