The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults
Adherence to different dietary patterns has been linked to the development of cognitive decline; yet little is known about whether this relationship is present in middle age. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between different dietary patterns, cognitive performance, and potential...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.862475/full |
| _version_ | 1811163384958156800 |
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| author | Sarah Gauci Sarah Gauci Lauren M. Young Lauren M. Young Lizanne Arnoldy Andrew Scholey Andrew Scholey David J. White Annie-Claude Lassemillante Annie-Claude Lassemillante Denny Meyer Andrew Pipingas |
| author_facet | Sarah Gauci Sarah Gauci Lauren M. Young Lauren M. Young Lizanne Arnoldy Andrew Scholey Andrew Scholey David J. White Annie-Claude Lassemillante Annie-Claude Lassemillante Denny Meyer Andrew Pipingas |
| author_sort | Sarah Gauci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adherence to different dietary patterns has been linked to the development of cognitive decline; yet little is known about whether this relationship is present in middle age. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between different dietary patterns, cognitive performance, and potential cardio-metabolic mechanisms for this relationship. Participants were recruited using a diet screening tool to ensure that the cohort had a range of diet quality ranging from relatively poor to relatively healthy. In a sample of 141 middle-aged adults (age: M = 52.84 years, SD = 6.87 years), multiple 24 h diet recalls were collected and used to score adherence to the Mediterranean diet, dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, and Mediterranean–DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet. Metabolic risk was assessed using the metabolic syndrome severity score (MetSSS) and arterial stiffness. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Swinburne University Computerized Cognitive Assessment Battery (SUCCAB). Adherence to the MIND diet was significantly related to Stroop Processing domain (β = 0.19, p = 0.035). None of the dietary patterns were significantly related to MetSSS or arterial stiffness. However, adherence to the DASH diet was significantly associated with two cardio-metabolic measures including lower augmentation index (β = −0.17, p = 0.032) and lowered cholesterol (β = −0.18, p = 0.041). Interestingly, two cardio-metabolic risk factors were also associated with better cognitive performance: MetSSS (β = 0.21, p = 0.010) and waist circumference (β = 0.22, p = 0.020). Together these findings suggest that diet in middle age may be important for cognitive functioning and cardio-metabolic risk. However, more research is needed in the form of randomized controlled trials to confirm the direction of these relationships. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:44:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8df98552c3e405f9597abe4da18ee6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:44:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8df98552c3e405f9597abe4da18ee6c2023-02-28T14:40:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-04-01910.3389/fnut.2022.862475862475The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian AdultsSarah Gauci0Sarah Gauci1Lauren M. Young2Lauren M. Young3Lizanne Arnoldy4Andrew Scholey5Andrew Scholey6David J. White7Annie-Claude Lassemillante8Annie-Claude Lassemillante9Denny Meyer10Andrew Pipingas11Centre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaFood and Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaFood and Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaNutrition Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaDepartment of Health and Medical Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaDepartment of Health Professions, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaDepartment of Health Science and Biostatistics, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaCentre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaAdherence to different dietary patterns has been linked to the development of cognitive decline; yet little is known about whether this relationship is present in middle age. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between different dietary patterns, cognitive performance, and potential cardio-metabolic mechanisms for this relationship. Participants were recruited using a diet screening tool to ensure that the cohort had a range of diet quality ranging from relatively poor to relatively healthy. In a sample of 141 middle-aged adults (age: M = 52.84 years, SD = 6.87 years), multiple 24 h diet recalls were collected and used to score adherence to the Mediterranean diet, dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, and Mediterranean–DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet. Metabolic risk was assessed using the metabolic syndrome severity score (MetSSS) and arterial stiffness. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Swinburne University Computerized Cognitive Assessment Battery (SUCCAB). Adherence to the MIND diet was significantly related to Stroop Processing domain (β = 0.19, p = 0.035). None of the dietary patterns were significantly related to MetSSS or arterial stiffness. However, adherence to the DASH diet was significantly associated with two cardio-metabolic measures including lower augmentation index (β = −0.17, p = 0.032) and lowered cholesterol (β = −0.18, p = 0.041). Interestingly, two cardio-metabolic risk factors were also associated with better cognitive performance: MetSSS (β = 0.21, p = 0.010) and waist circumference (β = 0.22, p = 0.020). Together these findings suggest that diet in middle age may be important for cognitive functioning and cardio-metabolic risk. However, more research is needed in the form of randomized controlled trials to confirm the direction of these relationships.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.862475/fulldietcognitioncardio-metabolic riskmediterranean dietMIND dietDASH diet |
| spellingShingle | Sarah Gauci Sarah Gauci Lauren M. Young Lauren M. Young Lizanne Arnoldy Andrew Scholey Andrew Scholey David J. White Annie-Claude Lassemillante Annie-Claude Lassemillante Denny Meyer Andrew Pipingas The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults Frontiers in Nutrition diet cognition cardio-metabolic risk mediterranean diet MIND diet DASH diet |
| title | The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults |
| title_full | The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults |
| title_fullStr | The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults |
| title_short | The Association Between Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Risk on Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Australian Adults |
| title_sort | association between diet and cardio metabolic risk on cognitive performance a cross sectional study of middle aged australian adults |
| topic | diet cognition cardio-metabolic risk mediterranean diet MIND diet DASH diet |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.862475/full |
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