Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system
Ganglioside biosynthesis is strictly regulated by the activities of glycosyltransferases and is necessarily controlled at the levels of gene transcription and posttranslational modification. Cells can switch between expressing simple and complex gangliosides or between different series within these...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2004-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Lipid Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520318186 |
| _version_ | 1831543513583452160 |
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| author | Robert K. Yu Erhard Bieberich Tian Xia Guichao Zeng |
| author_facet | Robert K. Yu Erhard Bieberich Tian Xia Guichao Zeng |
| author_sort | Robert K. Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ganglioside biosynthesis is strictly regulated by the activities of glycosyltransferases and is necessarily controlled at the levels of gene transcription and posttranslational modification. Cells can switch between expressing simple and complex gangliosides or between different series within these two groups during brain development. The sequential biosynthesis of gangliosides in parallel enzymatic pathways, however, requires fine-tuned subcellular sequestration and orchestration of glycosyltransferases. A popular model predicts that this regulation is achieved by the vectorial organization of ganglioside biosynthesis: sequential biosynthetic steps occur with the traffic of ganglioside intermediates through subsequent subcellular compartments. Here, we review current models for the subcellular distribution of glycosyltransferases and discuss results that suggest a critical role of N-glycosylation for the processing, transport, and complex formation of these enzymes. In this context, we attempt to illustrate the regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis as well as the biological significance of N-glycosylation as a posttranslational regulatory mechanism.We also review the results of analyses of the 5′ regulatory sequences of several glycosyltransferases in ganglioside biosynthesis and provide insights into how their synthesis can be regulated at the level of transcription. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:52:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8e2e79d2fed4078b7dc7d0bdff4d70c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-2275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:52:29Z |
| publishDate | 2004-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Lipid Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8e2e79d2fed4078b7dc7d0bdff4d70c2022-12-21T22:09:43ZengElsevierJournal of Lipid Research0022-22752004-05-01455783793Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous systemRobert K. Yu0Erhard Bieberich1Tian Xia2Guichao Zeng3Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912Ganglioside biosynthesis is strictly regulated by the activities of glycosyltransferases and is necessarily controlled at the levels of gene transcription and posttranslational modification. Cells can switch between expressing simple and complex gangliosides or between different series within these two groups during brain development. The sequential biosynthesis of gangliosides in parallel enzymatic pathways, however, requires fine-tuned subcellular sequestration and orchestration of glycosyltransferases. A popular model predicts that this regulation is achieved by the vectorial organization of ganglioside biosynthesis: sequential biosynthetic steps occur with the traffic of ganglioside intermediates through subsequent subcellular compartments. Here, we review current models for the subcellular distribution of glycosyltransferases and discuss results that suggest a critical role of N-glycosylation for the processing, transport, and complex formation of these enzymes. In this context, we attempt to illustrate the regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis as well as the biological significance of N-glycosylation as a posttranslational regulatory mechanism.We also review the results of analyses of the 5′ regulatory sequences of several glycosyltransferases in ganglioside biosynthesis and provide insights into how their synthesis can be regulated at the level of transcription.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520318186ceramideglycosyltransferaseposttranslational modificationN-glycosylationtranscriptiontranscription factor |
| spellingShingle | Robert K. Yu Erhard Bieberich Tian Xia Guichao Zeng Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system Journal of Lipid Research ceramide glycosyltransferase posttranslational modification N-glycosylation transcription transcription factor |
| title | Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| title_full | Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| title_short | Regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| title_sort | regulation of ganglioside biosynthesis in the nervous system |
| topic | ceramide glycosyltransferase posttranslational modification N-glycosylation transcription transcription factor |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520318186 |
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