Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize
BackgroundDuring the current pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralization capacity of the immunoglobulin (IG) supply has changed from undetectable for lots manufactured from plasma collected before the pandemic, to now highly potent.ObjectiveAs antibodies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924426/full |
| _version_ | 1828357740212256768 |
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| author | Maria R. Farcet Julia Schwaiger Michael Karbiener Thomas R. Kreil |
| author_facet | Maria R. Farcet Julia Schwaiger Michael Karbiener Thomas R. Kreil |
| author_sort | Maria R. Farcet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDuring the current pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralization capacity of the immunoglobulin (IG) supply has changed from undetectable for lots manufactured from plasma collected before the pandemic, to now highly potent.ObjectiveAs antibodies induced by exposure to or vaccination against coronaviruses were shown to be cross-coronavirus reactive, it was of interest to understand whether SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies would result in increased functional IG potency also against seasonal coronaviruses.MethodsIG lots from US plasma collected before SARS-CoV-2 emerged and collected during the pandemic were analyzed by live virus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) NL63 and OC43 neutralizing antibody content.ResultsPre-pandemic IG showed no SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers. However, IG lots produced from plasma of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals exhibited robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 potency (1,267 IU/ml) which further increased ~4-fold in pandemic IG lots reaching a mean titer of 5,122 IU/ml. Nonetheless, neutralizing antibody potencies to the HCoVs NL63 and OC43 remained stable over this period, i.e., have not increased correspondingly.ConclusionThe present results show that cross-coronavirus-reactive antibodies are not cross-neutralizing, i.e., SARS-CoV-2 antibodies do not neutralize seasonal coronaviruses NL63 and OC43. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:19:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8e55aa6708a40129b940f38275743d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:19:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8e55aa6708a40129b940f38275743d22022-12-22T02:15:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-08-01910.3389/fmed.2022.924426924426Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralizeMaria R. FarcetJulia SchwaigerMichael KarbienerThomas R. KreilBackgroundDuring the current pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralization capacity of the immunoglobulin (IG) supply has changed from undetectable for lots manufactured from plasma collected before the pandemic, to now highly potent.ObjectiveAs antibodies induced by exposure to or vaccination against coronaviruses were shown to be cross-coronavirus reactive, it was of interest to understand whether SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies would result in increased functional IG potency also against seasonal coronaviruses.MethodsIG lots from US plasma collected before SARS-CoV-2 emerged and collected during the pandemic were analyzed by live virus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) NL63 and OC43 neutralizing antibody content.ResultsPre-pandemic IG showed no SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers. However, IG lots produced from plasma of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals exhibited robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 potency (1,267 IU/ml) which further increased ~4-fold in pandemic IG lots reaching a mean titer of 5,122 IU/ml. Nonetheless, neutralizing antibody potencies to the HCoVs NL63 and OC43 remained stable over this period, i.e., have not increased correspondingly.ConclusionThe present results show that cross-coronavirus-reactive antibodies are not cross-neutralizing, i.e., SARS-CoV-2 antibodies do not neutralize seasonal coronaviruses NL63 and OC43.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924426/fullimmune deficiencyneutralizing antibodiesCOVID-19intravenous immunoglobulinimmunoglobulinplasma |
| spellingShingle | Maria R. Farcet Julia Schwaiger Michael Karbiener Thomas R. Kreil Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize Frontiers in Medicine immune deficiency neutralizing antibodies COVID-19 intravenous immunoglobulin immunoglobulin plasma |
| title | Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize |
| title_full | Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize |
| title_fullStr | Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize |
| title_full_unstemmed | Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize |
| title_short | Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize |
| title_sort | function matters coronavirus cross binding antibodies do not cross neutralize |
| topic | immune deficiency neutralizing antibodies COVID-19 intravenous immunoglobulin immunoglobulin plasma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.924426/full |
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