Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)
<b>Backgrounds and aims:</b> Elevated common carotid artery intima-media thickness (carotid IMT) and diminished flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are early subclinical indicators of atherosclerosis. Serum total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations have been positively associated wi...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3052 |
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| author | Neil K. Huang Petra Bůžková Nirupa R. Matthan Luc Djoussé Jorge R. Kizer Kenneth J. Mukamal Joseph F. Polak Alice H. Lichtenstein |
| author_facet | Neil K. Huang Petra Bůžková Nirupa R. Matthan Luc Djoussé Jorge R. Kizer Kenneth J. Mukamal Joseph F. Polak Alice H. Lichtenstein |
| author_sort | Neil K. Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Backgrounds and aims:</b> Elevated common carotid artery intima-media thickness (carotid IMT) and diminished flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are early subclinical indicators of atherosclerosis. Serum total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations have been positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. The relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD have as yet to be assessed. <b>Methods:</b> We investigated the associations between fasting serum individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants with (<i>n</i> = 255 for carotid IMT, 301 for FMD) or without (<i>n</i> = 1314 for carotid IMT, 1462 for FMD) known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Using archived samples (fasting) collected from 1996–1997 (baseline), 35 individual NEFAs were measured using gas chromatography. Carotid IMT and estimated plaque thickness (mean of maximum internal carotid IMT) were determined in 1998–1999. FMD was measured in 1997–1998. Linear regression adjusted by the Holm-Bonferroni method was used to assess relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD. <b>Results:</b> In multivariable adjusted linear regression models per SD increment, the non-esterified <i>trans</i> fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (<i>trans</i>-18:2 CLA) was positively associated with carotid IMT [β (95% CI): 44.8 (19.2, 70.4), <i>p</i> = 0.025] among participants with, but not without, ASCVD [2.16 (−6.74, 11.5), <i>p</i> = 1.000]. Non-esterified <i>cis</i>-palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7<i>c</i>) was positively associated with FMD [19.7 (8.34, 31.0), <i>p</i> = 0.024] among participants without, but not with ASCVD. No significant associations between NEFAs and estimated plaque thickness were observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> In older adults, serum non-esterified CLA and palmitoleic acid were positively associated with carotid IMT and FMD, respectively, suggesting potential modifiable biomarkers for arteriopathy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:21:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8ed26ddf29a4c978909e531902ee3a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:21:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8ed26ddf29a4c978909e531902ee3a62023-11-22T14:36:36ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-08-01139305210.3390/nu13093052Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)Neil K. Huang0Petra Bůžková1Nirupa R. Matthan2Luc Djoussé3Jorge R. Kizer4Kenneth J. Mukamal5Joseph F. Polak6Alice H. Lichtenstein7Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USADepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98115, USACardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USADivision of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USACardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USABeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of General Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USADepartment of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USACardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA<b>Backgrounds and aims:</b> Elevated common carotid artery intima-media thickness (carotid IMT) and diminished flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are early subclinical indicators of atherosclerosis. Serum total non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations have been positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. The relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD have as yet to be assessed. <b>Methods:</b> We investigated the associations between fasting serum individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants with (<i>n</i> = 255 for carotid IMT, 301 for FMD) or without (<i>n</i> = 1314 for carotid IMT, 1462 for FMD) known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Using archived samples (fasting) collected from 1996–1997 (baseline), 35 individual NEFAs were measured using gas chromatography. Carotid IMT and estimated plaque thickness (mean of maximum internal carotid IMT) were determined in 1998–1999. FMD was measured in 1997–1998. Linear regression adjusted by the Holm-Bonferroni method was used to assess relations between individual NEFA, carotid IMT and FMD. <b>Results:</b> In multivariable adjusted linear regression models per SD increment, the non-esterified <i>trans</i> fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (<i>trans</i>-18:2 CLA) was positively associated with carotid IMT [β (95% CI): 44.8 (19.2, 70.4), <i>p</i> = 0.025] among participants with, but not without, ASCVD [2.16 (−6.74, 11.5), <i>p</i> = 1.000]. Non-esterified <i>cis</i>-palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7<i>c</i>) was positively associated with FMD [19.7 (8.34, 31.0), <i>p</i> = 0.024] among participants without, but not with ASCVD. No significant associations between NEFAs and estimated plaque thickness were observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> In older adults, serum non-esterified CLA and palmitoleic acid were positively associated with carotid IMT and FMD, respectively, suggesting potential modifiable biomarkers for arteriopathy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3052serum non-esterified fatty acidconjugated linoleic acidpalmitoleic acidcarotid intima-media thicknessflow-mediated dilationCardiovascular Health Study |
| spellingShingle | Neil K. Huang Petra Bůžková Nirupa R. Matthan Luc Djoussé Jorge R. Kizer Kenneth J. Mukamal Joseph F. Polak Alice H. Lichtenstein Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Nutrients serum non-esterified fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid palmitoleic acid carotid intima-media thickness flow-mediated dilation Cardiovascular Health Study |
| title | Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) |
| title_full | Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) |
| title_fullStr | Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) |
| title_short | Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) |
| title_sort | serum non esterified fatty acids carotid artery intima media thickness and flow mediated dilation in older adults the cardiovascular health study chs |
| topic | serum non-esterified fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid palmitoleic acid carotid intima-media thickness flow-mediated dilation Cardiovascular Health Study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/9/3052 |
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