Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60
The effects of carbide precipitation on mechanical performance of Hybrid Steel 60, known as a novel bearing steel, have not been investigated. In this study, the austenite transformation temperatures of Hybrid Steel 60 during heating were revealed by the thermal expansion curve. The temperature and...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Materials Research Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ad2576 |
| _version_ | 1827345626201849856 |
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| author | Zhuo Zheng Min Lei Chaowen Huang Mingpan Wan |
| author_facet | Zhuo Zheng Min Lei Chaowen Huang Mingpan Wan |
| author_sort | Zhuo Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of carbide precipitation on mechanical performance of Hybrid Steel 60, known as a novel bearing steel, have not been investigated. In this study, the austenite transformation temperatures of Hybrid Steel 60 during heating were revealed by the thermal expansion curve. The temperature and effective activation energy of the second phase precipitation were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve. Different solid solution structures after austenitization were detected using various cooling rates. The solubility temperature was determined based on hardness and residual austenite content. The carbides precipitated at the peak temperature were qualitatively identified using XRD. It was discovered that the temperature points Ac1 and Ac3 of the steel were 786 °C and 864 °C, respectively. In addition, the effect of solid solution temperature on quenching hardness is minimal, while the cooling rate has a greater impact on hardness, reaching a peak at 5 °C s ^−1 . The primary carbide phase in Hybrid Steel 60 is the M _7 C _3 and VC. When the temperature ranges from 500 °C to 550 °C, M _23 C _6 begins to precipitate. As a result, after tempering at 525 °C, the hardness peak value reached 566 HV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:15:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a8f90bdc88154269a59eb82192052f5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T23:15:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-a8f90bdc88154269a59eb82192052f5c2024-02-21T12:16:19ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912024-01-0111202650910.1088/2053-1591/ad2576Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60Zhuo Zheng0Min Lei1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5752-0873Chaowen Huang2Mingpan Wan3College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Materials Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of ChinaCollege of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Materials Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of ChinaCollege of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Materials Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of ChinaCollege of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Materials Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of ChinaThe effects of carbide precipitation on mechanical performance of Hybrid Steel 60, known as a novel bearing steel, have not been investigated. In this study, the austenite transformation temperatures of Hybrid Steel 60 during heating were revealed by the thermal expansion curve. The temperature and effective activation energy of the second phase precipitation were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve. Different solid solution structures after austenitization were detected using various cooling rates. The solubility temperature was determined based on hardness and residual austenite content. The carbides precipitated at the peak temperature were qualitatively identified using XRD. It was discovered that the temperature points Ac1 and Ac3 of the steel were 786 °C and 864 °C, respectively. In addition, the effect of solid solution temperature on quenching hardness is minimal, while the cooling rate has a greater impact on hardness, reaching a peak at 5 °C s ^−1 . The primary carbide phase in Hybrid Steel 60 is the M _7 C _3 and VC. When the temperature ranges from 500 °C to 550 °C, M _23 C _6 begins to precipitate. As a result, after tempering at 525 °C, the hardness peak value reached 566 HV.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ad2576bearing steelcarbideDSCsecondary hardening |
| spellingShingle | Zhuo Zheng Min Lei Chaowen Huang Mingpan Wan Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 Materials Research Express bearing steel carbide DSC secondary hardening |
| title | Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| title_full | Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| title_fullStr | Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| title_short | Carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| title_sort | carbide precipitation during tempering of hybrid steel 60 |
| topic | bearing steel carbide DSC secondary hardening |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ad2576 |
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