The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests

Fungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Bals...

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Main Authors: Spiridon Mantzoukas, Ioannis Lagogiannis, Katerina Karmakolia, Anastasia Rodi, Maria Gazepi, Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2970
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author Spiridon Mantzoukas
Ioannis Lagogiannis
Katerina Karmakolia
Anastasia Rodi
Maria Gazepi
Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
author_facet Spiridon Mantzoukas
Ioannis Lagogiannis
Katerina Karmakolia
Anastasia Rodi
Maria Gazepi
Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
author_sort Spiridon Mantzoukas
collection DOAJ
description Fungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> Wize (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on larvae of the three very common and destructive stored product pests: the khapra beetle (<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), the confused flour beetle (<i>Tribolium</i> <i>confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the Mediterranean flour moth (<i>Ephestia</i> <i>kuehniella</i> Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). To this end, we selected four different grains, i.e., <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and <i>Vicia faba</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Bioassays were carried out in the lab, where experimental grains were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (10<sup>8</sup> conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mean mortality, median survival time and weight loss of seeds were estimated for each species. Our results suggest that the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi were dependent both on the isolates and the grain. The grain type as a factor is equally important to other abiotic factors.
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spelling doaj.art-a8fe2d7d4d9544d9b79fa7d9da468f632023-11-19T22:36:53ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-04-01108297010.3390/app10082970The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product PestsSpiridon Mantzoukas0Ioannis Lagogiannis1Katerina Karmakolia2Anastasia Rodi3Maria Gazepi4Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos5Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceELGO-Demeter, Plant Protection Division of Patras, 26444 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 27200 Amaliada, GreeceDepartment of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 27200 Amaliada, GreeceDepartment of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, Gaiopolis, 41500 Larissa, GreeceFungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> Wize (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on larvae of the three very common and destructive stored product pests: the khapra beetle (<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), the confused flour beetle (<i>Tribolium</i> <i>confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the Mediterranean flour moth (<i>Ephestia</i> <i>kuehniella</i> Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). To this end, we selected four different grains, i.e., <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and <i>Vicia faba</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Bioassays were carried out in the lab, where experimental grains were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (10<sup>8</sup> conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mean mortality, median survival time and weight loss of seeds were estimated for each species. Our results suggest that the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi were dependent both on the isolates and the grain. The grain type as a factor is equally important to other abiotic factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2970abiotic factorgrain type<i>Trogoderma granarium</i><i>Tribolium confusum</i><i>Ephestia kuehniella</i>entomopathogenic fungi
spellingShingle Spiridon Mantzoukas
Ioannis Lagogiannis
Katerina Karmakolia
Anastasia Rodi
Maria Gazepi
Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
Applied Sciences
abiotic factor
grain type
<i>Trogoderma granarium</i>
<i>Tribolium confusum</i>
<i>Ephestia kuehniella</i>
entomopathogenic fungi
title The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
title_full The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
title_fullStr The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
title_short The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
title_sort effect of grain type on virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against stored product pests
topic abiotic factor
grain type
<i>Trogoderma granarium</i>
<i>Tribolium confusum</i>
<i>Ephestia kuehniella</i>
entomopathogenic fungi
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2970
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