The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests
Fungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Bals...
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2020-04-01
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author | Spiridon Mantzoukas Ioannis Lagogiannis Katerina Karmakolia Anastasia Rodi Maria Gazepi Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos |
author_facet | Spiridon Mantzoukas Ioannis Lagogiannis Katerina Karmakolia Anastasia Rodi Maria Gazepi Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos |
author_sort | Spiridon Mantzoukas |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Fungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> Wize (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on larvae of the three very common and destructive stored product pests: the khapra beetle (<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), the confused flour beetle (<i>Tribolium</i> <i>confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the Mediterranean flour moth (<i>Ephestia</i> <i>kuehniella</i> Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). To this end, we selected four different grains, i.e., <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and <i>Vicia faba</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Bioassays were carried out in the lab, where experimental grains were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (10<sup>8</sup> conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mean mortality, median survival time and weight loss of seeds were estimated for each species. Our results suggest that the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi were dependent both on the isolates and the grain. The grain type as a factor is equally important to other abiotic factors. |
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spelling | doaj.art-a8fe2d7d4d9544d9b79fa7d9da468f632023-11-19T22:36:53ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-04-01108297010.3390/app10082970The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product PestsSpiridon Mantzoukas0Ioannis Lagogiannis1Katerina Karmakolia2Anastasia Rodi3Maria Gazepi4Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos5Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceELGO-Demeter, Plant Protection Division of Patras, 26444 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 27200 Amaliada, GreeceDepartment of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 27200 Amaliada, GreeceDepartment of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, Gaiopolis, 41500 Larissa, GreeceFungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), <i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i> (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i> Wize (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on larvae of the three very common and destructive stored product pests: the khapra beetle (<i>Trogoderma granarium</i> Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), the confused flour beetle (<i>Tribolium</i> <i>confusum</i> Jacquelin du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the Mediterranean flour moth (<i>Ephestia</i> <i>kuehniella</i> Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). To this end, we selected four different grains, i.e., <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (Poales: Poaceae), <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and <i>Vicia faba</i> L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Bioassays were carried out in the lab, where experimental grains were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (10<sup>8</sup> conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mean mortality, median survival time and weight loss of seeds were estimated for each species. Our results suggest that the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi were dependent both on the isolates and the grain. The grain type as a factor is equally important to other abiotic factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2970abiotic factorgrain type<i>Trogoderma granarium</i><i>Tribolium confusum</i><i>Ephestia kuehniella</i>entomopathogenic fungi |
spellingShingle | Spiridon Mantzoukas Ioannis Lagogiannis Katerina Karmakolia Anastasia Rodi Maria Gazepi Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests Applied Sciences abiotic factor grain type <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> <i>Tribolium confusum</i> <i>Ephestia kuehniella</i> entomopathogenic fungi |
title | The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests |
title_full | The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests |
title_fullStr | The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests |
title_short | The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests |
title_sort | effect of grain type on virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against stored product pests |
topic | abiotic factor grain type <i>Trogoderma granarium</i> <i>Tribolium confusum</i> <i>Ephestia kuehniella</i> entomopathogenic fungi |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2970 |
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