Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea
We investigated the influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters of the sea surface microlayer (SML), including the spectroscopic composition of FDOM, and biotic and abiotic parameters. We calculated the humification index, biological index, and recently produced material index from the...
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BioOne
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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| Online Access: | https://www.elementascience.org/articles/278 |
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| author | M. L. Miranda N. I. H. Mustaffa T. B. Robinson C. Stolle M. Ribas-Ribas O. Wurl O. Zielinski |
| author_facet | M. L. Miranda N. I. H. Mustaffa T. B. Robinson C. Stolle M. Ribas-Ribas O. Wurl O. Zielinski |
| author_sort | M. L. Miranda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigated the influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters of the sea surface microlayer (SML), including the spectroscopic composition of FDOM, and biotic and abiotic parameters. We calculated the humification index, biological index, and recently produced material index from the ultraviolet spectra to characterize the dynamic environment of the SML. The humification index ranged from 4 to 14 in the SML and 14 to 22 in underlying water (ULW). An inverse relation for this index as a function of solar radiation was observed, indicating photochemical decomposition of complex molecules present in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). The biological index (along Leg 2) ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 for the SML and 1.0 to 1.5 for ULW. The index for recently produced material ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 for the SML and 0.5 to 1.0 for ULW. The FDOM enrichment process of the SML was influenced by the photochemical decomposition of highly aromatic-like fluorophores, as indicated by the calculated indices. Fluorescence intensity increased for humic C peaks (>0.5 Raman units) in the North Sea samples and for humic M peaks (>1.0 Raman units) for Jade Bay. Spearman analysis for FDOM enrichment in the SML as a function of PAR (for Leg 2) showed a weak positive correlation (Rho = 0.676, n = 11, p = 0.022). Abundance of small photoautotrophic cells (Rho = 0.782, n = 11, p = 0.045) and of bacteria (Rho = 0.746, n = 11, p = 0.0082) also showed a positive correlation as a function of PAR. Overall, we found positive trends between the intensity of available light and the response of the constituents within the SML, highlighting the role of the surface microlayer as a distinctive habitat characterized by unique photochemical processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:17:59Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2325-1026 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T19:17:59Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | BioOne |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
| spelling | doaj.art-a902538f5cac40bb88a7b86fbc5b61202022-12-22T00:53:36ZengBioOneElementa: Science of the Anthropocene2325-10262018-02-016110.1525/elementa.278238Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North SeaM. L. Miranda0N. I. H. Mustaffa1T. B. Robinson2C. Stolle3M. Ribas-Ribas4O. Wurl5O. Zielinski6Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, DE; and Water and Air Quality Laboratory (LACAYA), University of Panama, 0824, El CangrejoCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 WilhelmshavenCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 WilhelmshavenCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven; and Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research WarnemuendeCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 WilhelmshavenCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 WilhelmshavenCarl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 WilhelmshavenWe investigated the influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters of the sea surface microlayer (SML), including the spectroscopic composition of FDOM, and biotic and abiotic parameters. We calculated the humification index, biological index, and recently produced material index from the ultraviolet spectra to characterize the dynamic environment of the SML. The humification index ranged from 4 to 14 in the SML and 14 to 22 in underlying water (ULW). An inverse relation for this index as a function of solar radiation was observed, indicating photochemical decomposition of complex molecules present in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). The biological index (along Leg 2) ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 for the SML and 1.0 to 1.5 for ULW. The index for recently produced material ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 for the SML and 0.5 to 1.0 for ULW. The FDOM enrichment process of the SML was influenced by the photochemical decomposition of highly aromatic-like fluorophores, as indicated by the calculated indices. Fluorescence intensity increased for humic C peaks (>0.5 Raman units) in the North Sea samples and for humic M peaks (>1.0 Raman units) for Jade Bay. Spearman analysis for FDOM enrichment in the SML as a function of PAR (for Leg 2) showed a weak positive correlation (Rho = 0.676, n = 11, p = 0.022). Abundance of small photoautotrophic cells (Rho = 0.782, n = 11, p = 0.045) and of bacteria (Rho = 0.746, n = 11, p = 0.0082) also showed a positive correlation as a function of PAR. Overall, we found positive trends between the intensity of available light and the response of the constituents within the SML, highlighting the role of the surface microlayer as a distinctive habitat characterized by unique photochemical processes.https://www.elementascience.org/articles/278SMLSolar radiationfluorescent dissolved organic matterBIXHIXEnrichment factor |
| spellingShingle | M. L. Miranda N. I. H. Mustaffa T. B. Robinson C. Stolle M. Ribas-Ribas O. Wurl O. Zielinski Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene SML Solar radiation fluorescent dissolved organic matter BIX HIX Enrichment factor |
| title | Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea |
| title_full | Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea |
| title_fullStr | Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea |
| title_short | Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea |
| title_sort | influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter fdom in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal north sea |
| topic | SML Solar radiation fluorescent dissolved organic matter BIX HIX Enrichment factor |
| url | https://www.elementascience.org/articles/278 |
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