Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cell separation that occurs during fleshy fruit abscission and dry fruit dehiscence facilitates seed dispersal, the final stage of plant reproductive development. While our understanding of the evolutionary context of cell separation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2012-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/150 |
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| author | Roongsattham Peerapat Morcillo Fabienne Jantasuriyarat Chatchawan Pizot Maxime Moussu Steven Jayaweera Dasuni Collin Myriam Gonzalez-Carranza Zinnia H Amblard Philippe Tregear James W Tragoonrung Somvong Verdeil Jean-Luc Tranbarger Timothy J |
| author_facet | Roongsattham Peerapat Morcillo Fabienne Jantasuriyarat Chatchawan Pizot Maxime Moussu Steven Jayaweera Dasuni Collin Myriam Gonzalez-Carranza Zinnia H Amblard Philippe Tregear James W Tragoonrung Somvong Verdeil Jean-Luc Tranbarger Timothy J |
| author_sort | Roongsattham Peerapat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cell separation that occurs during fleshy fruit abscission and dry fruit dehiscence facilitates seed dispersal, the final stage of plant reproductive development. While our understanding of the evolutionary context of cell separation is limited mainly to the eudicot model systems tomato and <it>Arabidopsis</it>, less is known about the mechanisms underlying fruit abscission in crop species, monocots in particular. The polygalacturonase (PG) multigene family encodes enzymes involved in the depolymerisation of pectin homogalacturonan within the primary cell wall and middle lamella. PG activity is commonly found in the separation layers during organ abscission and dehiscence, however, little is known about how this gene family has diverged since the separation of monocot and eudicots and the consequence of this divergence on the abscission process.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The objective of the current study was to identify PGs responsible for the high activity previously observed in the abscission zone (AZ) during fruit shedding of the tropical monocot oil palm, and to analyze PG gene expression during oil palm fruit ripening and abscission. We identified 14 transcripts that encode PGs, all of which are expressed in the base of the oil palm fruit. The accumulation of five PG transcripts increase, four decrease and five do not change during ethylene treatments that induce cell separation. One PG transcript (<it>EgPG4</it>) is the most highly induced in the fruit base, with a 700–5000 fold increase during the ethylene treatment. <it>In situ</it> hybridization experiments indicate that the <it>EgPG4</it> transcript increases preferentially in the AZ cell layers in the base of the fruit in response to ethylene prior to cell separation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The expression pattern of <it>EgPG4</it> is consistent with the temporal and spatial requirements for cell separation to occur during oil palm fruit shedding. The sequence diversity of PGs and the complexity of their expression in the oil palm fruit tissues contrast with data from tomato, suggesting functional divergence underlying the ripening and abscission processes has occurred between these two fruit species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of EgPG4 with PGs from other species suggests some conservation, but also diversification has occurred between monocots and eudicots, in particular between dry and fleshy fruit species.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:13:34Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a90da681dbbc4536b3c1bd43084a9b77 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:13:34Z |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a90da681dbbc4536b3c1bd43084a9b772022-12-21T22:02:11ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292012-08-0112115010.1186/1471-2229-12-150Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palmRoongsattham PeerapatMorcillo FabienneJantasuriyarat ChatchawanPizot MaximeMoussu StevenJayaweera DasuniCollin MyriamGonzalez-Carranza Zinnia HAmblard PhilippeTregear James WTragoonrung SomvongVerdeil Jean-LucTranbarger Timothy J<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cell separation that occurs during fleshy fruit abscission and dry fruit dehiscence facilitates seed dispersal, the final stage of plant reproductive development. While our understanding of the evolutionary context of cell separation is limited mainly to the eudicot model systems tomato and <it>Arabidopsis</it>, less is known about the mechanisms underlying fruit abscission in crop species, monocots in particular. The polygalacturonase (PG) multigene family encodes enzymes involved in the depolymerisation of pectin homogalacturonan within the primary cell wall and middle lamella. PG activity is commonly found in the separation layers during organ abscission and dehiscence, however, little is known about how this gene family has diverged since the separation of monocot and eudicots and the consequence of this divergence on the abscission process.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The objective of the current study was to identify PGs responsible for the high activity previously observed in the abscission zone (AZ) during fruit shedding of the tropical monocot oil palm, and to analyze PG gene expression during oil palm fruit ripening and abscission. We identified 14 transcripts that encode PGs, all of which are expressed in the base of the oil palm fruit. The accumulation of five PG transcripts increase, four decrease and five do not change during ethylene treatments that induce cell separation. One PG transcript (<it>EgPG4</it>) is the most highly induced in the fruit base, with a 700–5000 fold increase during the ethylene treatment. <it>In situ</it> hybridization experiments indicate that the <it>EgPG4</it> transcript increases preferentially in the AZ cell layers in the base of the fruit in response to ethylene prior to cell separation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The expression pattern of <it>EgPG4</it> is consistent with the temporal and spatial requirements for cell separation to occur during oil palm fruit shedding. The sequence diversity of PGs and the complexity of their expression in the oil palm fruit tissues contrast with data from tomato, suggesting functional divergence underlying the ripening and abscission processes has occurred between these two fruit species. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of EgPG4 with PGs from other species suggests some conservation, but also diversification has occurred between monocots and eudicots, in particular between dry and fleshy fruit species.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/150AbscissionFruit development<it>Elaeis guineensis</it>PolygalacturonaseEthyleneCell separation |
| spellingShingle | Roongsattham Peerapat Morcillo Fabienne Jantasuriyarat Chatchawan Pizot Maxime Moussu Steven Jayaweera Dasuni Collin Myriam Gonzalez-Carranza Zinnia H Amblard Philippe Tregear James W Tragoonrung Somvong Verdeil Jean-Luc Tranbarger Timothy J Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm BMC Plant Biology Abscission Fruit development <it>Elaeis guineensis</it> Polygalacturonase Ethylene Cell separation |
| title | Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| title_full | Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| title_fullStr | Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| title_short | Temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| title_sort | temporal and spatial expression of polygalacturonase gene family members reveals divergent regulation during fleshy fruit ripening and abscission in the monocot species oil palm |
| topic | Abscission Fruit development <it>Elaeis guineensis</it> Polygalacturonase Ethylene Cell separation |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/150 |
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