Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats
Previous studies showed that chromium nanoparticles (Cr-NPs) might be used as dietary compounds against some obesity-related disorders; however, there is little information on how these compounds influence the gut microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the negative effect...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| author | Bartosz Fotschki Katarzyna Ognik Ewelina Cholewińska Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk Kamil Myszczyński Magdalena Krauze Jerzy Juśkiewicz |
| author_facet | Bartosz Fotschki Katarzyna Ognik Ewelina Cholewińska Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk Kamil Myszczyński Magdalena Krauze Jerzy Juśkiewicz |
| author_sort | Bartosz Fotschki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Previous studies showed that chromium nanoparticles (Cr-NPs) might be used as dietary compounds against some obesity-related disorders; however, there is little information on how these compounds influence the gut microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the negative effects of a high-fat diet in the large intestine of rats might be mitigated by switching to a low-fat diet and supplementation with Cr-NPs. Microbiota sequencing analysis revealed that the main action of the Cr-NPs was focused on changing the gut microbiota’s activity. Supplementation with nanoparticles decreased the activity of β-glucuronidase and enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of dietary oligosaccharides and, thus, lowered the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum. In this group, there was also an elevated level of cecal lithocholic acid. The most favorable effect on the regulation of obesity-related disorders was observed when a high-fat diet was switched to a low-fat diet. This dietary change enhanced the production of short-chain fatty acids, reduced the level of secondary bile acids, and increased the microbial taxonomic richness, microbial differences, and microbial enzymatic activity in the cecum. To conclude, supplementation of a high-fat diet with Cr-NPs primarily had an effect on intestinal microbial activity, but switching to a low-fat diet had a powerful, all-encompassing effect on the gut that improved both microbial activity and composition. |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-a910fdd8287d49668c6745968c3322542023-11-18T20:47:25ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-07-011514311810.3390/nu15143118Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese RatsBartosz Fotschki0Katarzyna Ognik1Ewelina Cholewińska2Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk3Kamil Myszczyński4Magdalena Krauze5Jerzy Juśkiewicz6Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, PolandInstitute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, PolandMolecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, PolandDivision of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, PolandPrevious studies showed that chromium nanoparticles (Cr-NPs) might be used as dietary compounds against some obesity-related disorders; however, there is little information on how these compounds influence the gut microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the negative effects of a high-fat diet in the large intestine of rats might be mitigated by switching to a low-fat diet and supplementation with Cr-NPs. Microbiota sequencing analysis revealed that the main action of the Cr-NPs was focused on changing the gut microbiota’s activity. Supplementation with nanoparticles decreased the activity of β-glucuronidase and enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of dietary oligosaccharides and, thus, lowered the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum. In this group, there was also an elevated level of cecal lithocholic acid. The most favorable effect on the regulation of obesity-related disorders was observed when a high-fat diet was switched to a low-fat diet. This dietary change enhanced the production of short-chain fatty acids, reduced the level of secondary bile acids, and increased the microbial taxonomic richness, microbial differences, and microbial enzymatic activity in the cecum. To conclude, supplementation of a high-fat diet with Cr-NPs primarily had an effect on intestinal microbial activity, but switching to a low-fat diet had a powerful, all-encompassing effect on the gut that improved both microbial activity and composition.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3118gut microbiota profilemicrobiota activitychromium nanoparticlessecondary bile acidsobesityrat |
| spellingShingle | Bartosz Fotschki Katarzyna Ognik Ewelina Cholewińska Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk Kamil Myszczyński Magdalena Krauze Jerzy Juśkiewicz Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats Nutrients gut microbiota profile microbiota activity chromium nanoparticles secondary bile acids obesity rat |
| title | Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats |
| title_full | Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats |
| title_short | Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Switching from a High-Fat to a Low-Fat Diet on the Cecal Microenvironment in Obese Rats |
| title_sort | effect of chromium nanoparticles and switching from a high fat to a low fat diet on the cecal microenvironment in obese rats |
| topic | gut microbiota profile microbiota activity chromium nanoparticles secondary bile acids obesity rat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3118 |
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