Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis
Primary tumours, particularly from major solid organs, are able to disseminate into the blood and lymphatic system and spread to distant sites. These secondary metastases to other major organs are the most lethal aspect of cancer, accounting for the majority of cancer deaths. The brain is a frequent...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/3/401 |
| _version_ | 1797472627448610816 |
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| author | Lucas E. Tobar Rae H. Farnsworth Steven A. Stacker |
| author_facet | Lucas E. Tobar Rae H. Farnsworth Steven A. Stacker |
| author_sort | Lucas E. Tobar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Primary tumours, particularly from major solid organs, are able to disseminate into the blood and lymphatic system and spread to distant sites. These secondary metastases to other major organs are the most lethal aspect of cancer, accounting for the majority of cancer deaths. The brain is a frequent site of metastasis, and brain metastases are often fatal due to the critical role of the nervous system and the limited options for treatment, including surgery. This creates a need to further understand the complex cell and molecular biology associated with the establishment of brain metastasis, including the changes to the environment of the brain to enable the arrival and growth of tumour cells. Local changes in the vascular network, immune system and stromal components all have the potential to recruit and foster metastatic tumour cells. This review summarises our current understanding of brain vascular microenvironments, fluid circulation and drainage in the context of brain metastases, as well as commenting on current cutting-edge experimental approaches used to investigate changes in vascular environments and alterations in specialised subsets of blood and lymphatic vessel cells during cancer spread to the brain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:05:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9114234c5dc4893972ceae1b7d664f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:05:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9114234c5dc4893972ceae1b7d664f12023-11-24T00:35:25ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-03-0112340110.3390/biom12030401Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer MetastasisLucas E. Tobar0Rae H. Farnsworth1Steven A. Stacker2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaPrimary tumours, particularly from major solid organs, are able to disseminate into the blood and lymphatic system and spread to distant sites. These secondary metastases to other major organs are the most lethal aspect of cancer, accounting for the majority of cancer deaths. The brain is a frequent site of metastasis, and brain metastases are often fatal due to the critical role of the nervous system and the limited options for treatment, including surgery. This creates a need to further understand the complex cell and molecular biology associated with the establishment of brain metastasis, including the changes to the environment of the brain to enable the arrival and growth of tumour cells. Local changes in the vascular network, immune system and stromal components all have the potential to recruit and foster metastatic tumour cells. This review summarises our current understanding of brain vascular microenvironments, fluid circulation and drainage in the context of brain metastases, as well as commenting on current cutting-edge experimental approaches used to investigate changes in vascular environments and alterations in specialised subsets of blood and lymphatic vessel cells during cancer spread to the brain.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/3/401metastasisbrainleptomeningesblood vesselslymphatic vesselsstroma |
| spellingShingle | Lucas E. Tobar Rae H. Farnsworth Steven A. Stacker Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis Biomolecules metastasis brain leptomeninges blood vessels lymphatic vessels stroma |
| title | Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis |
| title_full | Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis |
| title_fullStr | Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis |
| title_short | Brain Vascular Microenvironments in Cancer Metastasis |
| title_sort | brain vascular microenvironments in cancer metastasis |
| topic | metastasis brain leptomeninges blood vessels lymphatic vessels stroma |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/3/401 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucasetobar brainvascularmicroenvironmentsincancermetastasis AT raehfarnsworth brainvascularmicroenvironmentsincancermetastasis AT stevenastacker brainvascularmicroenvironmentsincancermetastasis |