Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Background: COVID-19 superinfection by Aspergillus (COVID-19-associated aspergillosis, CAPA) is increasingly observed due to increased awareness and use of corticosteroids. The aim of this study is to compare clinical and imaging features between COVID-19 patients with and without associated pulmona...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/5/1201 |
| _version_ | 1827669427375570944 |
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| author | Tim Fischer Yassir El Baz Nicole Graf Simon Wildermuth Sebastian Leschka Gian-Reto Kleger Urs Pietsch Manuel Frischknecht Giulia Scanferla Carol Strahm Stephan Wälti Tobias Johannes Dietrich Werner C. Albrich |
| author_facet | Tim Fischer Yassir El Baz Nicole Graf Simon Wildermuth Sebastian Leschka Gian-Reto Kleger Urs Pietsch Manuel Frischknecht Giulia Scanferla Carol Strahm Stephan Wälti Tobias Johannes Dietrich Werner C. Albrich |
| author_sort | Tim Fischer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: COVID-19 superinfection by Aspergillus (COVID-19-associated aspergillosis, CAPA) is increasingly observed due to increased awareness and use of corticosteroids. The aim of this study is to compare clinical and imaging features between COVID-19 patients with and without associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Material and Methods: In this case–control study, hospitalized patients between March 2020 and March 2021 were evaluated. Two observers independently compared 105 chest CTs of 52 COVID-19 patients without pulmonary aspergillosis to 40 chest CTs of 13 CAPA patients. The following features were evaluated: lung involvement, predominant main pattern (ground glass opacity, crazy paving, consolidation) and additional lung and chest findings. Chronological changes in the abnormal extent upon CT and chronological changes in the main patterns were compared with mixed models. Patient-wise comparisons of additional features and demographic and clinical data were performed using Student’s t-test, Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: Compared to COVID-19 patients without pulmonary aspergillosis, CAPA patients were older (mean age (±SD): 70.3 (±7.8) versus 63.5 (±9.5) years (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The time-dependent evolution rates for consolidation (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and ground glass (<i>p</i> = 0.006) differed. In early COVID-19 disease, consolidation was associated with CAPA, whereas ground glass was less common. Chronological changes in the abnormal extent upon CT did not differ (<i>p</i> = 0.29). Regardless of the time point, bronchial wall thickening was observed more frequently in CAPA patients (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Conclusions: CAPA patients showed a tendency for consolidation in early COVID-19 disease. Bronchial wall thickening and higher patient age were associated with CAPA. The overall lung involvement was similar between both groups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:03:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a919d62959c849dfa9502aedab70e084 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:03:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a919d62959c849dfa9502aedab70e0842023-11-23T10:40:48ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-05-01125120110.3390/diagnostics12051201Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary AspergillosisTim Fischer0Yassir El Baz1Nicole Graf2Simon Wildermuth3Sebastian Leschka4Gian-Reto Kleger5Urs Pietsch6Manuel Frischknecht7Giulia Scanferla8Carol Strahm9Stephan Wälti10Tobias Johannes Dietrich11Werner C. Albrich12Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandClinical Trials Unit, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Intensive Care, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDepartment of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital, 9007 St. Gallen, SwitzerlandBackground: COVID-19 superinfection by Aspergillus (COVID-19-associated aspergillosis, CAPA) is increasingly observed due to increased awareness and use of corticosteroids. The aim of this study is to compare clinical and imaging features between COVID-19 patients with and without associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Material and Methods: In this case–control study, hospitalized patients between March 2020 and March 2021 were evaluated. Two observers independently compared 105 chest CTs of 52 COVID-19 patients without pulmonary aspergillosis to 40 chest CTs of 13 CAPA patients. The following features were evaluated: lung involvement, predominant main pattern (ground glass opacity, crazy paving, consolidation) and additional lung and chest findings. Chronological changes in the abnormal extent upon CT and chronological changes in the main patterns were compared with mixed models. Patient-wise comparisons of additional features and demographic and clinical data were performed using Student’s t-test, Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: Compared to COVID-19 patients without pulmonary aspergillosis, CAPA patients were older (mean age (±SD): 70.3 (±7.8) versus 63.5 (±9.5) years (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The time-dependent evolution rates for consolidation (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and ground glass (<i>p</i> = 0.006) differed. In early COVID-19 disease, consolidation was associated with CAPA, whereas ground glass was less common. Chronological changes in the abnormal extent upon CT did not differ (<i>p</i> = 0.29). Regardless of the time point, bronchial wall thickening was observed more frequently in CAPA patients (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Conclusions: CAPA patients showed a tendency for consolidation in early COVID-19 disease. Bronchial wall thickening and higher patient age were associated with CAPA. The overall lung involvement was similar between both groups.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/5/1201COVID-19COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosischest CT |
| spellingShingle | Tim Fischer Yassir El Baz Nicole Graf Simon Wildermuth Sebastian Leschka Gian-Reto Kleger Urs Pietsch Manuel Frischknecht Giulia Scanferla Carol Strahm Stephan Wälti Tobias Johannes Dietrich Werner C. Albrich Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis Diagnostics COVID-19 COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis chest CT |
| title | Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis |
| title_full | Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis |
| title_short | Clinical and Imaging Features of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis |
| title_sort | clinical and imaging features of covid 19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis |
| topic | COVID-19 COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis chest CT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/5/1201 |
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