The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma
Objective: This study analyzed predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in civilian trauma victims to assess how peritraumatic dissociation (PD) relates to PTSD symptom development. We examined PD and PTSD symptoms from a prior trauma simultaneously to better understand the extent towhich...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eScholarship Publishing, University of California
2012-08-01
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| Series: | Western Journal of Emergency Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://escholarship.org/uc/item/65j9r5jm |
| _version_ | 1811300017289297920 |
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| author | Cole Gregory Youngner Mark S. Burton Matthew Price Lindsey Zimmerman Megan Crawford Kearns Debra Houry Barbara Olasav Rothbaum |
| author_facet | Cole Gregory Youngner Mark S. Burton Matthew Price Lindsey Zimmerman Megan Crawford Kearns Debra Houry Barbara Olasav Rothbaum |
| author_sort | Cole Gregory Youngner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This study analyzed predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in civilian trauma victims to assess how peritraumatic dissociation (PD) relates to PTSD symptom development. We examined PD and PTSD symptoms from a prior trauma simultaneously to better understand the extent towhich past and current reactions to a trauma can predict the development of PTSD for a current trauma.Methods: Participants (N¼48) were recruited from the emergency department (ED) of a large, southeastern hospital and assessed immediately after a trauma and again at 4 weeks and 12 weekspost-trauma. We used both self-report and interviewer-based questionnaires to assess PD and PTSD symptoms for prior and current trauma.Results: A hierarchical linear regression revealed that at 4-week follow up, when controlling for several demographic variables and trauma type, a model including both PD and PTSD symptoms from a prior trauma significantly predicted PTSD outcome (F(47)¼3.70, p¼0.00), with PD and prior PTSD symptoms significantly contributing 17% and 9% of variance respectively. At 12 weeks, PTSD symptoms from prior trauma (b¼0.094, p¼0.538) and PD (b¼0.017, p¼0.909) did not account for a significant proportion of the variance in PTSD for the enrolling trauma.Conclusion: Prior and current reactions to trauma are both important factors in predicting the development of PTSD symptoms to a current trauma. The more immediate measurement of PD during presentation to the ED may explain the strength of its relationship to PTSD symptom development.Furthermore, our findings support the use of PTSD symptoms of a past trauma, as opposed to trauma frequency, as a predictor of PTSD from a subsequent trauma. Methodological limitations and future directions are discussed. [West J Emerg Med. 2012;13(3):220–224.] |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:44:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9223353dce6403da3966caa9aea57a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1936-900X 1936-9018 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:44:56Z |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
| publisher | eScholarship Publishing, University of California |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Western Journal of Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9223353dce6403da3966caa9aea57a92022-12-22T02:57:37ZengeScholarship Publishing, University of CaliforniaWestern Journal of Emergency Medicine1936-900X1936-90182012-08-01133220224The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a TraumaCole Gregory YoungnerMark S. BurtonMatthew PriceLindsey ZimmermanMegan Crawford KearnsDebra HouryBarbara Olasav RothbaumObjective: This study analyzed predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in civilian trauma victims to assess how peritraumatic dissociation (PD) relates to PTSD symptom development. We examined PD and PTSD symptoms from a prior trauma simultaneously to better understand the extent towhich past and current reactions to a trauma can predict the development of PTSD for a current trauma.Methods: Participants (N¼48) were recruited from the emergency department (ED) of a large, southeastern hospital and assessed immediately after a trauma and again at 4 weeks and 12 weekspost-trauma. We used both self-report and interviewer-based questionnaires to assess PD and PTSD symptoms for prior and current trauma.Results: A hierarchical linear regression revealed that at 4-week follow up, when controlling for several demographic variables and trauma type, a model including both PD and PTSD symptoms from a prior trauma significantly predicted PTSD outcome (F(47)¼3.70, p¼0.00), with PD and prior PTSD symptoms significantly contributing 17% and 9% of variance respectively. At 12 weeks, PTSD symptoms from prior trauma (b¼0.094, p¼0.538) and PD (b¼0.017, p¼0.909) did not account for a significant proportion of the variance in PTSD for the enrolling trauma.Conclusion: Prior and current reactions to trauma are both important factors in predicting the development of PTSD symptoms to a current trauma. The more immediate measurement of PD during presentation to the ED may explain the strength of its relationship to PTSD symptom development.Furthermore, our findings support the use of PTSD symptoms of a past trauma, as opposed to trauma frequency, as a predictor of PTSD from a subsequent trauma. Methodological limitations and future directions are discussed. [West J Emerg Med. 2012;13(3):220–224.]http://escholarship.org/uc/item/65j9r5jmTraumaPTSDAssessmentPredictorsPeritraumatic Dissociation |
| spellingShingle | Cole Gregory Youngner Mark S. Burton Matthew Price Lindsey Zimmerman Megan Crawford Kearns Debra Houry Barbara Olasav Rothbaum The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma Western Journal of Emergency Medicine Trauma PTSD Assessment Predictors Peritraumatic Dissociation |
| title | The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma |
| title_full | The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma |
| title_fullStr | The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma |
| title_short | The Contributions of Prior Trauma and Peritraumatic Dissociation to Predicting Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome in Individuals Assessed in the Immediate Aftermath of a Trauma |
| title_sort | contributions of prior trauma and peritraumatic dissociation to predicting post traumatic stress disorder outcome in individuals assessed in the immediate aftermath of a trauma |
| topic | Trauma PTSD Assessment Predictors Peritraumatic Dissociation |
| url | http://escholarship.org/uc/item/65j9r5jm |
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