The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance
To improve water and nutrient use efficiencies some strategies have been proposed, such as the use of mulching techniques or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. To gain insights into the interaction between the use of hydromulch and AMF inoculation on plant growth and productivity, escar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2795 |
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| author | Miriam Romero-Muñoz Amparo Gálvez Purificación A. Martínez-Melgarejo María Carmen Piñero Francisco M. del Amor Alfonso Albacete Josefa López-Marín |
| author_facet | Miriam Romero-Muñoz Amparo Gálvez Purificación A. Martínez-Melgarejo María Carmen Piñero Francisco M. del Amor Alfonso Albacete Josefa López-Marín |
| author_sort | Miriam Romero-Muñoz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To improve water and nutrient use efficiencies some strategies have been proposed, such as the use of mulching techniques or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. To gain insights into the interaction between the use of hydromulch and AMF inoculation on plant growth and productivity, escarole plants (<i>Cichorium endivia</i>, L.) were inoculated with the AMF <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> and grown with non-inoculated plants under different soil cover treatments: ecological hydromulching based on the substrate of mushroom cultivation (MS), low-density black polyethylene (PE), and non-covered soil (BS). AMF inoculation or the use of mulching alone, but especially their interaction, increased the plant growth. The growth improvement observed in AMF-inoculated escarole plants grown under hydromulching conditions was mainly associated with the upgrading of nitrogen and phosphorous use efficiency through the regulation of the hormonal balance. Both hydromulching and AMF inoculation were found to increase the active gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins (CKs), resulting in a positive correlation between these hormones and the growth-related parameters. In contrast, the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and abscisic acid (ABA) decreased in AMF-inoculated plants and especially in those grown with the MS treatment. This study demonstrates that there exists a positive interaction between AMF and hydromulching which enhances the growth of escarole plants by improving nutrient use efficiency and hormonal balance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a934356def444516b6ae53bdb5d9879a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a934356def444516b6ae53bdb5d9879a2023-11-24T02:05:39ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-10-011120279510.3390/plants11202795The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal BalanceMiriam Romero-Muñoz0Amparo Gálvez1Purificación A. Martínez-Melgarejo2María Carmen Piñero3Francisco M. del Amor4Alfonso Albacete5Josefa López-Marín6Institute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainInstitute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Department of Plant Nutrition, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, SpainInstitute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainInstitute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainInstitute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainInstitute for Agro-Environmental Research and Development of Murcia (IMIDA), Department of Plant Production and Agrotechnology, C/Mayor s/n, E-30150 Murcia, SpainTo improve water and nutrient use efficiencies some strategies have been proposed, such as the use of mulching techniques or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. To gain insights into the interaction between the use of hydromulch and AMF inoculation on plant growth and productivity, escarole plants (<i>Cichorium endivia</i>, L.) were inoculated with the AMF <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> and grown with non-inoculated plants under different soil cover treatments: ecological hydromulching based on the substrate of mushroom cultivation (MS), low-density black polyethylene (PE), and non-covered soil (BS). AMF inoculation or the use of mulching alone, but especially their interaction, increased the plant growth. The growth improvement observed in AMF-inoculated escarole plants grown under hydromulching conditions was mainly associated with the upgrading of nitrogen and phosphorous use efficiency through the regulation of the hormonal balance. Both hydromulching and AMF inoculation were found to increase the active gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins (CKs), resulting in a positive correlation between these hormones and the growth-related parameters. In contrast, the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and abscisic acid (ABA) decreased in AMF-inoculated plants and especially in those grown with the MS treatment. This study demonstrates that there exists a positive interaction between AMF and hydromulching which enhances the growth of escarole plants by improving nutrient use efficiency and hormonal balance.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2795<i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i>arbuscular mycorrhizal fungicytokininsgibberellinsescarolenutrient use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Miriam Romero-Muñoz Amparo Gálvez Purificación A. Martínez-Melgarejo María Carmen Piñero Francisco M. del Amor Alfonso Albacete Josefa López-Marín The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance Plants <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi cytokinins gibberellins escarole nutrient use efficiency |
| title | The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance |
| title_full | The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance |
| title_fullStr | The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance |
| title_short | The Interaction between Hydromulching and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Escarole Growth and Productivity by Regulating Nutrient Uptake and Hormonal Balance |
| title_sort | interaction between hydromulching and arbuscular mycorrhiza improves escarole growth and productivity by regulating nutrient uptake and hormonal balance |
| topic | <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi cytokinins gibberellins escarole nutrient use efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2795 |
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