Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study
(1) Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication in cirrhosis patients, and recently, clinical evidence indicates that a higher risk of HE is associated with the usage of proton pump inhibitors. However, the cortical mechanism underlying this neurological disorder of HE remains u...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| author | Pan Zhang Lizhi Zhou Li Chen Zhen Zhang Rui Han Gangwen Guo Haocheng Zhou |
| author_facet | Pan Zhang Lizhi Zhou Li Chen Zhen Zhang Rui Han Gangwen Guo Haocheng Zhou |
| author_sort | Pan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication in cirrhosis patients, and recently, clinical evidence indicates that a higher risk of HE is associated with the usage of proton pump inhibitors. However, the cortical mechanism underlying this neurological disorder of HE remains unknown. (2) Methods: We review the medical recordings of 260 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis between January 2021 and March 2022 in one tertiary hospital. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factor of HE development. To examine the relationship between cortical dynamics and the administration of proton pump inhibitors, resting-state electroencephalograms (EEGs) were conducted in cirrhosis patients who were treated with proton pump inhibitors. (3) Results: About 28.5% (74 out of 260) of participants developed secondary HE in this study. The logistics regression model indicated that multiple risk factors were associated with the incidence of secondary HE, including proton pump inhibitors usage, white blood cell and neutrophil counts, hemoglobin, prothrombin time activity, and blood urea nitrogen. A total of twelve cirrhosis patients who were scheduled to use proton pump inhibitors consented to performing electroencephalogram recordings upon admission, and eight of twelve participants were diagnosed with HE. Spectral analysis revealed that the decrease in alpha oscillation activities was potentially associated with the development of HE. (4) Conclusions: Our data support the susceptibility of secondary HE in cirrhosis patients treated by proton pump inhibitors. One potential cortical mechanism underlying the neurological disease is the suppression of alpha oscillations in the brain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:18:29Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:18:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a941248a8dbb4372bb117a091e89f0cc2023-11-24T13:25:42ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-11-011012304010.3390/biomedicines10123040Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot StudyPan Zhang0Lizhi Zhou1Li Chen2Zhen Zhang3Rui Han4Gangwen Guo5Haocheng Zhou6Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Pain, Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Pain, Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Pain, Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Pain, Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, ChinaDepartment of Pain, Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China(1) Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication in cirrhosis patients, and recently, clinical evidence indicates that a higher risk of HE is associated with the usage of proton pump inhibitors. However, the cortical mechanism underlying this neurological disorder of HE remains unknown. (2) Methods: We review the medical recordings of 260 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis between January 2021 and March 2022 in one tertiary hospital. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factor of HE development. To examine the relationship between cortical dynamics and the administration of proton pump inhibitors, resting-state electroencephalograms (EEGs) were conducted in cirrhosis patients who were treated with proton pump inhibitors. (3) Results: About 28.5% (74 out of 260) of participants developed secondary HE in this study. The logistics regression model indicated that multiple risk factors were associated with the incidence of secondary HE, including proton pump inhibitors usage, white blood cell and neutrophil counts, hemoglobin, prothrombin time activity, and blood urea nitrogen. A total of twelve cirrhosis patients who were scheduled to use proton pump inhibitors consented to performing electroencephalogram recordings upon admission, and eight of twelve participants were diagnosed with HE. Spectral analysis revealed that the decrease in alpha oscillation activities was potentially associated with the development of HE. (4) Conclusions: Our data support the susceptibility of secondary HE in cirrhosis patients treated by proton pump inhibitors. One potential cortical mechanism underlying the neurological disease is the suppression of alpha oscillations in the brain.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/12/3040hepatic encephalopathycirrhosisproton pump inhibitorrisk factorEEGcortical |
| spellingShingle | Pan Zhang Lizhi Zhou Li Chen Zhen Zhang Rui Han Gangwen Guo Haocheng Zhou Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study Biomedicines hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis proton pump inhibitor risk factor EEG cortical |
| title | Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study |
| title_full | Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study |
| title_short | Electroencephalography Signatures for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis Patients Treated with Proton Pump Inhibitors: An Exploratory Pilot Study |
| title_sort | electroencephalography signatures for hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis patients treated with proton pump inhibitors an exploratory pilot study |
| topic | hepatic encephalopathy cirrhosis proton pump inhibitor risk factor EEG cortical |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/12/3040 |
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