Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs
Background: Re-vaccination against canine adenovirus (CAV) is performed in ≤3-year-intervals but their necessity is unknown. The study determined anti-CAV antibodies within 28 days of re-vaccination and factors associated with the absence of antibodies and vaccination response. Methods: Ninety-seven...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/10/1198 |
| _version_ | 1797550260847902720 |
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| author | Michèle Bergmann Monika Freisl Yury Zablotski Stephanie Speck Uwe Truyen Katrin Hartmann |
| author_facet | Michèle Bergmann Monika Freisl Yury Zablotski Stephanie Speck Uwe Truyen Katrin Hartmann |
| author_sort | Michèle Bergmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Re-vaccination against canine adenovirus (CAV) is performed in ≤3-year-intervals but their necessity is unknown. The study determined anti-CAV antibodies within 28 days of re-vaccination and factors associated with the absence of antibodies and vaccination response. Methods: Ninety-seven healthy adult dogs (last vaccination ≥12 months) were re-vaccinated with a modified live CAV-2 vaccine. Anti-CAV antibodies were measured before vaccination (day 0), and after re-vaccination (day 7, 28) by virus neutralization. A ≥4-fold titer increase was defined as vaccination response. Fisher’s exact test and multivariate regression analysis were performed to determine factors associated with the absence of antibodies and vaccination response. Results: Totally, 87% of dogs (90/97; 95% CI: 85.61–96.70) had anti-CAV antibodies (≥10) before re-vaccination. Vaccination response was observed in 6% of dogs (6/97; 95% CI: 2.60–13.11). Time since last vaccination (>3–5 years, <i>OR</i> = 9.375, <i>p</i> = 0.020; >5 years, <i>OR</i><i>=</i> 25.000, <i>p</i> = 0.006) was associated with a lack of antibodies. Dogs from urban areas were more likely to respond to vaccination (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Conclusion: Many dogs had anti-CAV pre-vaccination antibodies, even those with an incomplete vaccination series. Most dogs did not respond to re-vaccination. Based on this study, dogs should be re-vaccinated every 3 years or antibodies should be determined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:26:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a94338cc820b4626888a3b073dac56e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:26:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-a94338cc820b4626888a3b073dac56e62023-11-20T17:58:51ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-10-011210119810.3390/v12101198Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult DogsMichèle Bergmann0Monika Freisl1Yury Zablotski2Stephanie Speck3Uwe Truyen4Katrin Hartmann5Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyInstitute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyClinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, GermanyBackground: Re-vaccination against canine adenovirus (CAV) is performed in ≤3-year-intervals but their necessity is unknown. The study determined anti-CAV antibodies within 28 days of re-vaccination and factors associated with the absence of antibodies and vaccination response. Methods: Ninety-seven healthy adult dogs (last vaccination ≥12 months) were re-vaccinated with a modified live CAV-2 vaccine. Anti-CAV antibodies were measured before vaccination (day 0), and after re-vaccination (day 7, 28) by virus neutralization. A ≥4-fold titer increase was defined as vaccination response. Fisher’s exact test and multivariate regression analysis were performed to determine factors associated with the absence of antibodies and vaccination response. Results: Totally, 87% of dogs (90/97; 95% CI: 85.61–96.70) had anti-CAV antibodies (≥10) before re-vaccination. Vaccination response was observed in 6% of dogs (6/97; 95% CI: 2.60–13.11). Time since last vaccination (>3–5 years, <i>OR</i> = 9.375, <i>p</i> = 0.020; >5 years, <i>OR</i><i>=</i> 25.000, <i>p</i> = 0.006) was associated with a lack of antibodies. Dogs from urban areas were more likely to respond to vaccination (<i>p</i> = 0.037). Conclusion: Many dogs had anti-CAV pre-vaccination antibodies, even those with an incomplete vaccination series. Most dogs did not respond to re-vaccination. Based on this study, dogs should be re-vaccinated every 3 years or antibodies should be determined.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/10/1198CAVvaccineantibody titervirus neutralizationprotectioninfectious canine hepatitis |
| spellingShingle | Michèle Bergmann Monika Freisl Yury Zablotski Stephanie Speck Uwe Truyen Katrin Hartmann Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs Viruses CAV vaccine antibody titer virus neutralization protection infectious canine hepatitis |
| title | Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs |
| title_full | Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs |
| title_fullStr | Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs |
| title_short | Antibody Response to Canine Adenovirus-2 Virus Vaccination in Healthy Adult Dogs |
| title_sort | antibody response to canine adenovirus 2 virus vaccination in healthy adult dogs |
| topic | CAV vaccine antibody titer virus neutralization protection infectious canine hepatitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/10/1198 |
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