Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality
Background. Improper waste disposal can negatively impact the ecosystem and constitutes a major human health risk. Objectives. The present study evaluated the environmental impact on groundwater quality of an open-air waste dump in Akure, southwestern Nigeria, using an integrated geophysical survey...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Pure Earth
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health and Pollution |
| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1819274767793913856 |
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| author | Oluwaseun E. Odipe Rasheed A. Ogunleye Musa Sulaiman Suleiman S. Abubakar Martins O. Olorunfemi |
| author_facet | Oluwaseun E. Odipe Rasheed A. Ogunleye Musa Sulaiman Suleiman S. Abubakar Martins O. Olorunfemi |
| author_sort | Oluwaseun E. Odipe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Improper waste disposal can negatively impact the ecosystem and constitutes a major human health risk.
Objectives. The present study evaluated the environmental impact on groundwater quality of an open-air waste dump in Akure, southwestern Nigeria, using an integrated geophysical survey and hydro-chemical analysis of water samples.
Methods. The geophysical survey involved three dipole-dipole 2-D imaging profiles and seven vertical electrical soundings (VES) along three traverses. The dipole-dipole data were inverted using the Dipro for Windows software, while the VES data were quantitatively interpreted using partial curve matching and computer assisted 1-D forward modeling with the WINResist software. The VES interpretation results were used to generate geoelectric sections. For the hydro-chemical analysis, samples were taken from five hand-dug wells at various distances from the dumpsite. The samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and some major elements (calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), chloride ion (Cl−), nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−)) whose concentration values were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) standards for assessment of groundwater quality.
Results.The VES curves revealed three distinct geoelectric/geologic layers with thicknesses and resistivities in the range of 0.7 - 2.0 m and 31 - 55 Ωm for topsoil, 6.2 - 14.6 m and 13 - 114 Ωm for the weathered layer, and a fresh basement with resistivity values ranging from 344 - ∞ Ωm.
In the hydro-chemical analysis, pH values ranged between 7.57 - 7.8, electrical conductivity ranged from 884 - 1510 μS/cm, and TDS ranged between 588 - 1008 mg/l. Concentration values of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ranged between 78 - 132 mg/l and 1.8 - 19 mg/l, respectively.
Conclusions. The results from the combined electrical resistivity methods showed relatively low resistivity values at the topsoil and weathered layers and the hydro-chemical assessment of water samples indicated that the topsoil and groundwater within the dumpsite may have been polluted by leachate.
Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:13:40Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a94fe77a01a14166a4eda3e8cea81dae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2156-9614 2156-9614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:13:40Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
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| series | Journal of Health and Pollution |
| spelling | doaj.art-a94fe77a01a14166a4eda3e8cea81dae2022-12-21T17:26:36ZengPure EarthJournal of Health and Pollution2156-96142156-96142018-01-018181610.5696/2156-9614-8.18.1806042156-9614-8-18-180604Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater QualityOluwaseun E. Odipe0Rasheed A. Ogunleye1Musa Sulaiman2Suleiman S. Abubakar3Martins O. Olorunfemi4Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health, Allied and Environmental Science, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara StateDepartment of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaKano State Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development, Kano StateDepartment of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaBackground. Improper waste disposal can negatively impact the ecosystem and constitutes a major human health risk. Objectives. The present study evaluated the environmental impact on groundwater quality of an open-air waste dump in Akure, southwestern Nigeria, using an integrated geophysical survey and hydro-chemical analysis of water samples. Methods. The geophysical survey involved three dipole-dipole 2-D imaging profiles and seven vertical electrical soundings (VES) along three traverses. The dipole-dipole data were inverted using the Dipro for Windows software, while the VES data were quantitatively interpreted using partial curve matching and computer assisted 1-D forward modeling with the WINResist software. The VES interpretation results were used to generate geoelectric sections. For the hydro-chemical analysis, samples were taken from five hand-dug wells at various distances from the dumpsite. The samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and some major elements (calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), chloride ion (Cl−), nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−)) whose concentration values were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) standards for assessment of groundwater quality. Results.The VES curves revealed three distinct geoelectric/geologic layers with thicknesses and resistivities in the range of 0.7 - 2.0 m and 31 - 55 Ωm for topsoil, 6.2 - 14.6 m and 13 - 114 Ωm for the weathered layer, and a fresh basement with resistivity values ranging from 344 - ∞ Ωm. In the hydro-chemical analysis, pH values ranged between 7.57 - 7.8, electrical conductivity ranged from 884 - 1510 μS/cm, and TDS ranged between 588 - 1008 mg/l. Concentration values of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ranged between 78 - 132 mg/l and 1.8 - 19 mg/l, respectively. Conclusions. The results from the combined electrical resistivity methods showed relatively low resistivity values at the topsoil and weathered layers and the hydro-chemical assessment of water samples indicated that the topsoil and groundwater within the dumpsite may have been polluted by leachate. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.waste dumpleachategeophysical investigationhydro-chemical analysiswater quality |
| spellingShingle | Oluwaseun E. Odipe Rasheed A. Ogunleye Musa Sulaiman Suleiman S. Abubakar Martins O. Olorunfemi Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality Journal of Health and Pollution waste dump leachate geophysical investigation hydro-chemical analysis water quality |
| title | Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality |
| title_full | Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality |
| title_fullStr | Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality |
| title_short | Integrated Geophysical and Hydro-chemical Investigations of Impact of the Ijemikin Waste Dump Site in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria, on Groundwater Quality |
| title_sort | integrated geophysical and hydro chemical investigations of impact of the ijemikin waste dump site in akure southwestern nigeria on groundwater quality |
| topic | waste dump leachate geophysical investigation hydro-chemical analysis water quality |
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