Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>)
To date, limited information is available on cytomegalovirus (CMV) and lymphocryptovirus (LCV) from <i>Chlorocebus</i> monkeys. We report here high detection rates of herpesviruses in free-roaming African green monkeys (AGMs, <i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) (26.4%, 23/87) and in...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Diana M. Mancuso Kerry Gainor Kerry M. Dore Christa A. Gallagher Amy Beierschmitt Yashpal S. Malik Souvik Ghosh |
| author_facet | Diana M. Mancuso Kerry Gainor Kerry M. Dore Christa A. Gallagher Amy Beierschmitt Yashpal S. Malik Souvik Ghosh |
| author_sort | Diana M. Mancuso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To date, limited information is available on cytomegalovirus (CMV) and lymphocryptovirus (LCV) from <i>Chlorocebus</i> monkeys. We report here high detection rates of herpesviruses in free-roaming African green monkeys (AGMs, <i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) (26.4%, 23/87) and in captive AGMs (75%, 3/4) with respiratory disease on the Caribbean Island of St. Kitts. LCV (81.25%) was more prevalent than CMV (18.75%) in the AGMs. Applying a bigenic PCR approach (targeting DNA polymerase (DPOL) and glycoprotein B (gB) genes), long sequences were obtained from representative AGM CMV (KNA-SD6) and LCV (KNA-E4, -N6 and -R15) samples, and mixed LCV infections were identified in KNA-N6 and -R15. The nucleotide (nt) sequence (partial DPOL-intergenic region-partial gB) and partial DPOL- and gB-amino acid (aa) sequences of AGM CMV KNA-SD6 were closely related to <i>Cytomegalovirus cercopithecinebeta5</i> isolates from grivet monkeys, whilst those of AGM LCV KNA-E4 and -N6 (and E4-like gB of KNA-R15) were more closely related to cognate sequences of erythrocebus patas LCV1 from patas monkey than other LCVs, corroborating the concept of cospeciation in the evolution of CMV/LCV. On the other hand, the partial DPOL aa sequence of KNA-R15, and additional gB sequences (N6-gB-2 and R15-gB-2) from samples KNA-N6 and -R15 (respectively) appeared to be distinct from those of Old World monkey LCVs, indicating LCV evolutionary patterns that were not synchronous with those of host species. The present study is the first to report the molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of CMV/LCV from free-roaming/wild and captive AGMs, and is the first report on analysis of CMV nt/deduced aa sequences from AGMs and LCV gB sequences from <i>Chlorocebus</i> monkeys. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:11:36Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a95094fc5cc747d3a4e14b771666f3742024-03-27T13:45:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-03-01256327210.3390/ijms25063272Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>)Diana M. Mancuso0Kerry Gainor1Kerry M. Dore2Christa A. Gallagher3Amy Beierschmitt4Yashpal S. Malik5Souvik Ghosh6Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisCollege of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana 141012, IndiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and NevisTo date, limited information is available on cytomegalovirus (CMV) and lymphocryptovirus (LCV) from <i>Chlorocebus</i> monkeys. We report here high detection rates of herpesviruses in free-roaming African green monkeys (AGMs, <i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) (26.4%, 23/87) and in captive AGMs (75%, 3/4) with respiratory disease on the Caribbean Island of St. Kitts. LCV (81.25%) was more prevalent than CMV (18.75%) in the AGMs. Applying a bigenic PCR approach (targeting DNA polymerase (DPOL) and glycoprotein B (gB) genes), long sequences were obtained from representative AGM CMV (KNA-SD6) and LCV (KNA-E4, -N6 and -R15) samples, and mixed LCV infections were identified in KNA-N6 and -R15. The nucleotide (nt) sequence (partial DPOL-intergenic region-partial gB) and partial DPOL- and gB-amino acid (aa) sequences of AGM CMV KNA-SD6 were closely related to <i>Cytomegalovirus cercopithecinebeta5</i> isolates from grivet monkeys, whilst those of AGM LCV KNA-E4 and -N6 (and E4-like gB of KNA-R15) were more closely related to cognate sequences of erythrocebus patas LCV1 from patas monkey than other LCVs, corroborating the concept of cospeciation in the evolution of CMV/LCV. On the other hand, the partial DPOL aa sequence of KNA-R15, and additional gB sequences (N6-gB-2 and R15-gB-2) from samples KNA-N6 and -R15 (respectively) appeared to be distinct from those of Old World monkey LCVs, indicating LCV evolutionary patterns that were not synchronous with those of host species. The present study is the first to report the molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of CMV/LCV from free-roaming/wild and captive AGMs, and is the first report on analysis of CMV nt/deduced aa sequences from AGMs and LCV gB sequences from <i>Chlorocebus</i> monkeys.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3272African green monkey (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>)cytomegalovirusDNA polymeraseenvelope glycoprotein Bherpesviruslymphocryptovirus |
| spellingShingle | Diana M. Mancuso Kerry Gainor Kerry M. Dore Christa A. Gallagher Amy Beierschmitt Yashpal S. Malik Souvik Ghosh Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) International Journal of Molecular Sciences African green monkey (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase envelope glycoprotein B herpesvirus lymphocryptovirus |
| title | Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) |
| title_full | Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) |
| title_short | Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Cytomegaloviruses and Lymphocryptoviruses in Free-Roaming and Captive African Green Monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) |
| title_sort | molecular detection and genetic diversity of cytomegaloviruses and lymphocryptoviruses in free roaming and captive african green monkeys i chlorocebus sabaeus i |
| topic | African green monkey (<i>Chlorocebus sabaeus</i>) cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase envelope glycoprotein B herpesvirus lymphocryptovirus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3272 |
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