Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Advanced age, multiple chronic diseases and frailty have been correlated with worse prognosis among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inpatients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling eld...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Associação Paulista de Medicina
2022-08-01
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| Series: | São Paulo Medical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31802022005020203&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818483540124237824 |
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| author | Daniela Castelo Azevedo Fernando César Menezes Assunção Mônica Silva Monteiro de Castro Estevão Alves Valle |
| author_facet | Daniela Castelo Azevedo Fernando César Menezes Assunção Mônica Silva Monteiro de Castro Estevão Alves Valle |
| author_sort | Daniela Castelo Azevedo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Advanced age, multiple chronic diseases and frailty have been correlated with worse prognosis among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inpatients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study of patients followed up at a geriatric outpatient clinic in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The associations of demographic characteristics (age and sex) and clinical characteristics (frailty, multimorbidity, number of medications with long-term use, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease) with the risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 were explored using a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS: 5,295 patients (mean age 78.6 ± 9.4 years; 72.6% females) were included. After adjustments, the number of medications with long-term use was found to increase the odds of hospitalization due to COVID-19 (odds ratio, OR: 1.13; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.06-1.22). Frailty, multimorbidity and diabetes mellitus also increased the odds of hospitalization (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.09; OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.26; and OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.45-3.54, respectively) and the odds of death due to COVID-19 (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00-1.14; OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.32; and OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.79-6.14, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Multimorbidity, frailty and diabetes mellitus increased the odds of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 and the number of medications with long-term use increased the odds of hospitalization due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:43:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a952cf1b4ce340ed8e91c9d3b4456092 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1806-9460 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:43:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Associação Paulista de Medicina |
| record_format | Article |
| series | São Paulo Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-a952cf1b4ce340ed8e91c9d3b44560922022-12-22T01:43:03ZengAssociação Paulista de MedicinaSão Paulo Medical Journal1806-94602022-08-0110.1590/1516-3180.2021.0649.r1.20122021Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort studyDaniela Castelo Azevedohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8749-6541Fernando César Menezes Assunçãohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-4227Mônica Silva Monteiro de Castrohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-3699Estevão Alves Vallehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9138-9952ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Advanced age, multiple chronic diseases and frailty have been correlated with worse prognosis among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inpatients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study of patients followed up at a geriatric outpatient clinic in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The associations of demographic characteristics (age and sex) and clinical characteristics (frailty, multimorbidity, number of medications with long-term use, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease) with the risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 were explored using a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS: 5,295 patients (mean age 78.6 ± 9.4 years; 72.6% females) were included. After adjustments, the number of medications with long-term use was found to increase the odds of hospitalization due to COVID-19 (odds ratio, OR: 1.13; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.06-1.22). Frailty, multimorbidity and diabetes mellitus also increased the odds of hospitalization (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.09; OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.26; and OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.45-3.54, respectively) and the odds of death due to COVID-19 (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00-1.14; OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.32; and OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.79-6.14, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Multimorbidity, frailty and diabetes mellitus increased the odds of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 and the number of medications with long-term use increased the odds of hospitalization due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31802022005020203&tlng=enFrail elderlyHospitalizationCOVID-19Risk factorsFrailtyOlder adultsCommunity-dwelling elderlySARS-CoV-2 virus |
| spellingShingle | Daniela Castelo Azevedo Fernando César Menezes Assunção Mônica Silva Monteiro de Castro Estevão Alves Valle Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study São Paulo Medical Journal Frail elderly Hospitalization COVID-19 Risk factors Frailty Older adults Community-dwelling elderly SARS-CoV-2 virus |
| title | Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Risk factors for hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 among frail community-dwelling elderly people: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | risk factors for hospitalization and death due to covid 19 among frail community dwelling elderly people a retrospective cohort study |
| topic | Frail elderly Hospitalization COVID-19 Risk factors Frailty Older adults Community-dwelling elderly SARS-CoV-2 virus |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31802022005020203&tlng=en |
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