Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs
Abstract Background Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most sensitive indicator of initial renal function decline during chronic kidney disease (CKD), but conventional protocols for measuring GFR are labor‐intensive and stressful for the dog. Objectives To assess the diagnostic potential for de...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15573 |
| _version_ | 1811182141478797312 |
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| author | Paola Pocar Paola Scarpa Anna Berrini Petra Cagnardi Rita Rizzi Vitaliano Borromeo |
| author_facet | Paola Pocar Paola Scarpa Anna Berrini Petra Cagnardi Rita Rizzi Vitaliano Borromeo |
| author_sort | Paola Pocar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most sensitive indicator of initial renal function decline during chronic kidney disease (CKD), but conventional protocols for measuring GFR are labor‐intensive and stressful for the dog. Objectives To assess the diagnostic potential for detecting CKD with simplified GFR protocols based on iohexol plasma clearance. Animals Seventeen CKD‐positive and 23 CKD‐negative dogs of different breeds and sex. Methods Prospective nonrandomized study. Plasma iohexol was measured 5, 15, 60, 90, and 180 minutes after injection. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated using 5 samples (GFR5) or simplified protocols based on 1, 2, or 3 samples. The GFR5 and simplified GFR were compared by Bland‐Altmann and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) analysis, and diagnostic accuracy for CKD by receiver operating characteristic curves. A gray zone for each protocol was bounded by the fourth quartile of the CKD‐positive population (lower cutoff) and the first quartile of the CKD‐negative population (upper cutoff). Results All simplified protocols gave reliable GFR measurements, comparable to reference GFR5 (CCC >0.92). Simplified protocols which included the 180‐minutes sampling granted the best GFR measure (CCC: 0.98), with strong diagnostic potential for CKD (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ± SE: 0.98 ± 0.01). A double cutoff including a zone of CKD uncertainty guaranteed reliable diagnosis outside the gray area and identified borderline dogs inside it. Conclusions The simplified GFR protocols offer an accurate, hands‐on tool for CKD diagnosis in dogs. The gray zone might help decision‐making in the management of early kidney dysfunction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:28:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a9583c53eb5d4246aed8112589a91fee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T09:28:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-a9583c53eb5d4246aed8112589a91fee2022-12-22T04:31:59ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762019-09-013352105211610.1111/jvim.15573Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogsPaola Pocar0Paola Scarpa1Anna Berrini2Petra Cagnardi3Rita Rizzi4Vitaliano Borromeo5Department of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyDepartment of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine Università degli Studi di Milano Milan ItalyAbstract Background Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most sensitive indicator of initial renal function decline during chronic kidney disease (CKD), but conventional protocols for measuring GFR are labor‐intensive and stressful for the dog. Objectives To assess the diagnostic potential for detecting CKD with simplified GFR protocols based on iohexol plasma clearance. Animals Seventeen CKD‐positive and 23 CKD‐negative dogs of different breeds and sex. Methods Prospective nonrandomized study. Plasma iohexol was measured 5, 15, 60, 90, and 180 minutes after injection. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated using 5 samples (GFR5) or simplified protocols based on 1, 2, or 3 samples. The GFR5 and simplified GFR were compared by Bland‐Altmann and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) analysis, and diagnostic accuracy for CKD by receiver operating characteristic curves. A gray zone for each protocol was bounded by the fourth quartile of the CKD‐positive population (lower cutoff) and the first quartile of the CKD‐negative population (upper cutoff). Results All simplified protocols gave reliable GFR measurements, comparable to reference GFR5 (CCC >0.92). Simplified protocols which included the 180‐minutes sampling granted the best GFR measure (CCC: 0.98), with strong diagnostic potential for CKD (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ± SE: 0.98 ± 0.01). A double cutoff including a zone of CKD uncertainty guaranteed reliable diagnosis outside the gray area and identified borderline dogs inside it. Conclusions The simplified GFR protocols offer an accurate, hands‐on tool for CKD diagnosis in dogs. The gray zone might help decision‐making in the management of early kidney dysfunction.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15573gray zone approachHPLCIohexollimited sampling methodsingle sample method |
| spellingShingle | Paola Pocar Paola Scarpa Anna Berrini Petra Cagnardi Rita Rizzi Vitaliano Borromeo Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine gray zone approach HPLC Iohexol limited sampling method single sample method |
| title | Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| title_full | Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| title_short | Diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| title_sort | diagnostic potential of simplified methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate to detect chronic kidney disease in dogs |
| topic | gray zone approach HPLC Iohexol limited sampling method single sample method |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15573 |
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